Research On The Special Cases Of Local Social Control In Northeast China In Modern Times

After the Qing Dynasty army entered the customs,the Northeast was regarded as the "Birthplace of Qing Dynasty".It was also to maintain the privileges of the Qing nobles and protect the customs of Manchuria,the Qing government implemented the policy of banning the Northeast.However,the actual implementation of the customs ban has been tight and loose,and there are still a large number of refugees from outside the customs entering the northeast region.The Changbai Mountain area of Jilin has been regarded as the birthplace of ancestors and has been strictly banned since the Kangxi period.However,as the gold resources here have been discovered one after another,a large number of refugees took the risk of banning private gold mining.Refugee Hanxianzong finally completed the unification of various metalworking organizations in the area,and established the "Hanbianwai" area centered on the Jiapigou gold mine.The family of“Hanbianwai” ruled in this area for four generations,and established a relatively independent local social control system outside the jurisdiction of the Qing government,covering administrative,judicial,armed,taxation,social welfare,diplomacy,etc.In many respects,a well-organized and effective local separatist force has been formed."Hanbianwai" is like an official government in the region,but it is not an official or a bandit.The relationship with the Qing government has been in a state of being at a distance for a long time.This is related to its unique geographical environment and historical background.The main body of this article is divided into four parts: The first chapter mainly sorts out the background of the establishment of the " Hanbianwai " area,mainly discusses from two aspects: the Qing government implemented the policy of embargo and relaxation in Northeast China,and the establishment of social order in Northeast China in modern times.The second chapter mainly analyzes the reasons and social order of the "Hanbianwai" area,and demonstrates the uniqueness of its governance model from political,economic,and social perspectives.The third chapter discusses in detail the relationship between "Hanbianwai" and the Qing government and Feng’s warlords,specifically including the Qing government’s attitude toward the "Hanbianwai" areas and the cooperation between the Feng’s warlords and the Han family.The fourth chapter focuses on the role and influence of the "Hanbianwai" style of governance.The decline of "Hanbianwai" is closely related to the background of the times.At the same time,the corruption of the lives of the members of the Han family has also accelerated the bankruptcy of the Han family.The Han family’s method of social domination in the “Hanbianwai” area had a strong feudal patriarchal color,which was determined by its own limitations.The self-governing organization established by the refugees still could not get rid of the backwardness of the peasants.However,in the social transformation period of the late Qing Dynasty,the control power of the Qing government over the local society was greatly reduced.Under the background of this era,the rule of "Hanbianwai" effectively filled the control vacancy of the Qing government in the forbidden areas.