A Study Of Etymology In NianSun Wang’s Shi Da

Shi Da is the posthumous manuscript of Mr.Niansun Wang,a linguist in the Qing Dynasty,and is a monograph exploring Chinese etymology.This article uses the original text of Shi Da as the research material,analyzes the cognate words with objective and clear rationale in Shi Da,and summ arizes Wang’s etymology viewpoint and Wang’s theoretical innovation and exploration in the field of etymology.Source method innovation.Summarizing the etymology research results of Wang Niansun’s Shi Da is helpful to promote the construction of etymological theory history.The exploration paradigm he used can supplement our current etymological analysis methods,and the book Shi Da can also be a scientific The Chinese etymology research and Chinese history research provide credible empirical materials.This article is divided into five parts:The introduction introduces Wang’s life and the source of the editions of Shi Da,summarizes the research status of Shi Da,briefly combs the history of etymology,and explains the research significance and research methods of this articleThe first chapter is the research on the terminology of Shi Da.On the basis of comprehensively sorting out the phonology of Shi Da,this part conducts exhaustive statistics and analysis of the terms in this book,and explores the phonetic and meaning relations of various terms.This article divides the terminology of Shi Da into:only reveals the phonetic relationship terms;only reveals the word meaning relationship terms;and reveals the phoneme relationship terms at the same time.The second chapter is the research on the source of Shi Da.This chapter summarizes Wang’s source types in his book as "the source of the meaning of the sound,the source of the synonymous mutual seeking and the source of the clues between characters",and detailed examples are combined.Separately,it proves the scientific nature of Wang’s source theory and source method.The third chapter combs the etymology system of Wang’s Shi Da.This chapter discusses the categories of cognate words and etymological meanings that Wang thinks,and explains his exploration of etymology theory in Shi Da.In this book,Wang does not separate ancient and modern characters,tongjia characters,variant characters,and differentiated characters into the category of cognate words.What Wang thinks of "Etymology" is actually the original meaning of the word,the lexical meaning and the meaning of the word.The synthesis of characteristic meanings obtained by analyzing again in the lexical meaning.The exploration of etymology theory in Shi Da is mainly reflected in four aspects:First,Wang practiced the theory that exegesis is the foundation of sound in Shi Da;Second,Wang put forward the view that anyone with a certain sound has a certain meaning;Third,Wang has refined the principle of cognate word determination of sounds near meanings and the theory of seeking ancient meanings based on ancient sounds and emphasis is better than rhyme;Fourth,Wang put forward the view that the meanings have opposite meanings but the facts are due to the facts on the phenomenon of the Chinese positive and negative same words in Shi Da.The fourth chapter summarized the etymological research results of Wang’s Shi Da,and points out the achievements and limitations in this book.The achievements of this book mainly include:the development of sound training into same source and mutual training;the development of right grammar into harmonic and radical linkage method;the extensive application of yuzhuan to explore the source,seek yizhuan with yuzhuan.