A Study Of The Confucian Temples In Luxi During The Ming And Qing Dynasties

Confucian Temple is a temple for worshiping Confucius and his predecessors.It has a history of more than 2000 years in China.As the solid condensation of Confucian culture,Confucian temple has always been valued by the rulers.In this context,the Confucian Temple has achieved considerable development.It peaked in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Confucian temples are set up in the administrative divisions at the county level for Confucius.Chinese prefectures in Yunnan,Xinjiang and other remote areas are no exception.The establishment of local Confucian temples is the result of the central government’s control of downfall,showing the deepening of ideological manipulation.The idea of this paper is based on this.The author selects Heze area in west of Shandong Province as the research center and sots out the historical evolution and location characteristics of Confucian temples in Heze,Dingtao,Caoxian,Chengwu,Shanxian,Juye,Yuncheng,Dongming and juancheng by reviewing the historical records in the country annals.Located in the native land of Qilu,jiudi was deeply influenced by the thoughts of Confucius and Mencius and influence by Confucian culture.The wind of emphasizing culture prevails.However,due to the alluvial plain,the terrain is flat.In addition,as the Yellow River fiows through and its changes its course,it often affected by floods and the Confucian temple is often destroyed.Local officials and squires had to gather the strength of the masses to build Confucian temple to boost the style of writing.Fortunately,all sectors of society are extremely cooperative,with the rich giving money and the powerful contributing.The number of Confucian temples did not decrease,but increased.Vertically,the development of Confucian temple in Heze area follows the pace of the central government.No matter the people worshiped in Dacheng hall,the Dongwu and Xiwu the Xianxian Temple,the famous official Temple,and the Chongsheng Temple,or the sacrificial procedure of Confucian temple,they are constantly enriched and improved,highlighting the change and development of the mainstream thought.Most of the people who come here to worship are local officials and students.The emperor,prince and other noble people basically do not participate in the worship activities here,which is related to the lower administrative division of Heze.From the horizontal perspective,the Confucian temple is not an isolated structure,it has a close relationship with the people around,from the high level of society to the ordinary people,the Confucian temple is an indispensable existence.The interaction between them varies according to their identities.Officials preside over the annual spring and autumn sacrifice,the literati and officialdom advocate the establishment and renovation of the Confucian temple,the literati write a lot of poems and about Confucian temple.It should be pointed out that this kind of relationship is not self-evident,and it can be both.It is in this frequent interaction and communication that the local Confucian temple’s function of sacrifice,publicity and enlightenment can be truly brought into play.The Confucian temples in Heze area are not highly regulated and can not be compared with the Confucian temples in Qufu and Beijing.However,they are part of many Confucian temples in China.Together with the Confucian temples in the region,they constitute China’s unique Confucian temple culture and play an important role in deepening feudal rule,controlling the trend of public opinion and shaping national character.