Analysis Of Buddhist Statues Collected In Yushe County Museum

Located in the west of Taihang Mountain in Shanxi Province,Yushe County falls under the jurisdiction of Jinzhong City.In the history of Yushe County,"there are temples in mountains and Buddhas in every village",and numerous Buddhist relics were scattered within its territory.As a transit station on the way to the capital of Xiaowen Emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty,the Buddhist art of Yushe was influenced by the royal culture and the local culture respectively,which formed the artistic characteristics of primitive and simple.The author sorted out the images and text materials of the Buddhist statues in the museum of yushe county,classified the Buddhist sculptures according to the chronological order and the hierarchical order of Buddha,Bodhisattva,disciples,hercules and king of heaven,studied the costumes and faces of the statues and made relevant comparisons and discussed the aesthetic theories.This paper is divided into four parts to study the Buddhist stone carving art collected in Yushe County Museum.The first part is to sort out and analyze the historical evolution and excavations of the land of the Buddhist statues in Yushe County Museum.According to the investigation,the Buddhist statues in the collection are mainly from Fuxiang Temple,Datong Temple,Chongsheng Temple and Shousheng Temple.The second part is to classify the Buddhist statues in the museum,analyze the artistic features of the costumes and faces of the statues,and then study the characteristics and artistic styles of the statues.Through research,we know that during the Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties,the Buddha’s face was thin and weak,with the characteristics of showing clear bones.Buddha clothing styles are through-shoulder Buddha clothing,"V"-shaped cross-collar Buddha clothing;The figure of Buddha in the Tang Dynasty has a plump face and strong realistic clothing pattern.Buddha statues in the Song Dynasty had strong secularism,high degree of liberalization in body shape,and strong generality in clothing pattern.In the Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties,Bodhisattva statues were tall,stately and dignified,with male characteristics.In the Sui and Tang dynasties,Bodhisattva statues were in the shape of "S",and the Heavenly Clothing was richly decorated.Bodhisattva statues in the Song Dynasty had strong feminine characteristics and emphasized the gentle quality of women with simple costumes.In the period of Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties,the image of disciple and arhat showed strong individuality.In the Sui and Tang dynasties,the statues of disciples and arhat paid attention to the expression of carving skills.Arhats in the Song Dynasty were secular.The third part is the comparison of the Buddhist statues in Yushe County Museum with those in Yungang Grottoes,Longmen Grottoes and Longxing Temple in Qingzhou.The study draws the conclusion that the Buddhist statues collected in the museum of yushe county have strong generality and secularism in the Buddhist clothes and obvious expressionism in the lines of the clothes.The fourth part analyzes the Buddhist statues from the perspective of aesthetics.The Buddhist statues in the collection of Yushe County Museum pay attention to the expression of freehand style,focusing on the expression of empty and calm Buddha sculpture implication,which has the characteristics of simplicity and lyricism.The research methods used in this paper mainly include observation method,comparative research method,literature review method,image method,etc.With the help of these methods to achieve the research objectives,we can get the unique artistic style of the Buddhist statues in the collection of Yushe County Museum,which is not restricted to procedures and laws but also innovated.