On Marx’s Perversion And Transcendence Of Hegel’s Dialectics Speculative Nature

Hegel’s speculative dialectics with abstract logical speculation as the core is an important historical form that can not be ignored in the history of dialectics.It takes the dialectical movement of self-consciousness as the basic starting point,the speculative logic as the methodology,and the absolute spirit reached by the essence of the subject-entity concept and the same movement as the ontology.Then it constructs the dialectical system of absolute truth.But because of his dialectics divorced from reality,and all activities as a thinking,abstract summary,it shows abstract metaphysical and mystical characteristics.Marx had a keen insight into such a speculative feature of Hegel’s dialectics and took it as the theoretical basis and source.He carried out the philosophical revolution in the field of dialectics,and tried to turn to practice dialectics to realize the reversal and transcendence of Hegel’s dialectics speculative nature to promote the development of dialectics thought and social history to a higher stage.In Marx’s view,the fundamental problem of Hegel’s speculative characteristics of dialectics is the problem of "upside down ".On the basis of the problem of "upside down ",the thesis first introduces Marx’s criticism of Hegel’s dialectics and his philosophy in the Manuscript of Economic philosophy of 1844,liquidating Hegel’s dialectics with Feuerbach,and returning to the basic system of understanding Hegel’s dialectics in spiritual phenomenology.This paper points out the double mistakes of subject and link caused by speculative nature in Hegel’s dialectics,and expounds Marx’s rethinking of Hegel’s dialectics;secondly,based on Marx’s speculative thinking of Hegel’s dialectics Re-reflection and understanding,clearing Hegel’s dialectics in the three core upside-down problems,namely," the practice of realistic people " and " abstract self-consciousness "," the production history of material life " and " the movement history of absolute concept "," open practice of dialectical development " and " closed speculation of absolute spirit " system,and through the re-reversing of these three core issues,highlighting the practice turn of Marx’s dialectics;Finally,this paper discusses Marx’s dialectics of practice turning from the angle of man,nature and society,and points out that the construction of such a practical dialectics not only have provided for the establishment of historical materialism the theoretical premise,and also have laid a theoretical foundation for the practical exploration of more scientific socialism.It have important theoretical and practical value.While fully understanding Marx’s critical inheritance of Hegel’s dialectics,the new dimension of dialectical practice turns to break through Hegel’s speculative pattern.Through the criticism of capitalist system and utopian socialism,we can continue to explore communism and the free and all-round development of human beings,and better provide theoretical guidance for the further development of socialism.