A Study Of Max Scheler’s Human Thought

As one of the founders of modern human thought,Scheler analyzed the survival of human existence with his unique perspective,and made a pioneering contribution to the construction of modern human thought building.Although the development of technology and capital in the industrial age meets people’s material needs,it can not make up for people’s fear of losing value.With the rapid development of anthropology,philosophy of life,philosophy of phenomenology and critical theory of positivism constitute the source of Scheler’s theory.With the crisis of Christian belief in Europe and the elimination of European spirit,modern people not only have to bear psychological anxiety and burnout,but also face self value confusion and survival dilemma.This paper discusses and analyzes the origin and main content of Scheler’s human thought.By discussing the three aspects of Scheler’s human thought: spirit,love and value,this paper makes a distinction between its structure and content.Scheler discusses the main content of his humanistic thought from three aspects:spirit,love and value.First of all,the essence of human is spirit.Scheler defined the essence of human beings in the category of spirit.The impulse of life is restricted by spirit,which points out the direction of development for life.There is a unity between spirit and life.They transform each other.Spirit endows life with metaphysical transcendence.Because of the inherent objectivity of value,human nature has acquired the characteristics of non subjectivity,which makes it possible for human spirit to stride forward to value.As the essence of human beings,the ultimate goal of spirit is to realize the value of divinity in the process of human beings’ generation.People’s spiritual confusion and value loss can only be solved in the process of exploring the divine value.Man’s special position in the universe is reflected in his dynamic and open structure.As the existence of "God seeker",people’s life presents a continuous upward and perfect posture-people are unknown x,and the generation and evolution of people are completed in overcoming and improving their own naturalness,and in the tendency and search for divinity.Secondly,love is the way people exist.Scheler regards "love" as the way of human existence,and human beings are the beings of love.Spirit is a kind of emotional existence,and the intention of this existence is human "love".The core element of personality is love.People have noble moral goals for themselves,which requires people to stick to the order of love from one end.The essence of "love" in the Christian sense is the basis for people to maintain themselves.Christian "love" is a criticism and Reflection on the excessive praise of rationality in traditional philosophy.Love is the original behavior of the individual’s ethical value.The order of love is the embodiment of individual mind and soul,and love is the basis of value.Love is the discovery of novel and high-level value.For the value and knowledge of human world,love is prior to their existence.Love is the most original,basic and fundamental power.Thirdly,human order lies in the order of value and love.No matter what kind of order they are,they all have objectivity.The existence of value and its force are independent of its form of expression.At the essential level of things and people,value is prior and independent of the state of feeling,and feeling behavior is also after value.Scheler divided five progressive value orders,which were sensory value,useful value,life value,spiritual value and sacred value.The order of love is the whole organization of human emotion,and it also contains the value order corresponding to emotion,which is objective and innate.Abiding by the objective,free and eternal order of love is the basis and source of the ethical evaluation of temperament or spiritual temperament.The order of love is the fundamental regulation of human existence,which determines the value order of human heart.Scheler’s humanism has its unique ideological contribution and limitations.In the theoretical construction of his phenomenology of emotion,the ultimate goal is to establish the order of human love.Scheler opened up a new field of study on the ontology of man.He interprets human problems from the perspective of integrity,advocates returning human freedom and subjectivity to human beings,and seeks the meaning of life in the integration of humanistic concept and scientific spirit.At the same time,due to the lack of unified and rigorous methodology guidance in Scheler’s human thought,and the failure to grasp the role of practice in the generation and development of human in the life world,Scheler relatively ignores human’s sociality and initiative.In addition,he highly praised the sacred value,which made Scheler’s humanistic thought have a certain "Utopian" orientation.This paper analyzes Scheler’s view of human science from the perspective of Marxism,and provides a possible reference for a better understanding of human spirit,love and value.