The Research On Bing Yinyang Of Han Dynasty

The subject of this paper is the Bing Yinyang in Han Dynasty.The main research method used is to combine the scattered records in the handed-down literature and the archaeological materials to conduct a systematic analysis of Bing Yinyang thoughts in Han period.In the history of Han Dynasty,Bing Yinyang was an organic part that exerted an important influence.The article approaches from the perspective of the mysterious knowledge held by people in Han Dynasty in the military field,shows the trend of resorting to providence in military thoughts of people in the period,and follows the clue of the performance of Bing Yinyang in the mode of thinking and behavior of Han people,while discussing its position and role in the history of Han Dynasty.The research is divided into two parts: introduction and main text.The main text consists of three chapters,each with three sections.The introduction contains a review of the academic history of related issues and the main significance of this research.The content of the first chapter is the origin of Bing Yinyang,including its definition,scope,related types and tradition in pre-Qin period.The second chapter summarizes the theory and practice of Bing Yinyang in Han Dynasty,and discusses several issues such as the Bing Yinyang works,theoretical ideas and military practices.The subject of Chapter 3 is the evaluation of Bing Yinyang and its historical influence in Han Dynasty.By the combination of historical materials and arguments,the paper draws the outline of Bing Yinyang school in Han Dynasty through the development,scholars’ criticism and reflection,and the historical significance of Bing Yinyang,etc.The main point of this paper is that there is a remarkable interaction between the Bing Yinyang school and the society,ideology,and culture in Han Dynasty.The Bing Yinyang thoughts provide us important help and a unique perspective of understanding and elucidating historical phenomena in the fields of system history,political history,social history,cultural history,thought history,academic history,literary history and so on in Han Dynasty.After reviewing the related research results in academic history,the introduction believes that the current academic research on the subject of Bing Yinyang is not perfect,while more common ones are different types of articles in a scattered state,so there is still enough room for systematic research.This article also quotes the unearthed bamboo and silk materials in recent decades and the results of academic research and exegesis.It is believed that the research and exegesis of unearthed documents have been quite comprehensive and are of great significance in philology.However,many articles focus on the interpretation of words and sentences,or the comparation with handed-down documents.In contrast,there are still few academic results that combine various unearthed military and numerology literature from the standpoint of thought history.The text first discusses the concept and form of Bing Yinyang,claiming that Bing Yinyang is a learning that borrows different types of Yin and Yang and numerological theories to apply and practice in the military field.Taking the definition of Bing Yinyang in Han Shu Yi Wen Zhi as the key literature basis,it can be seen that Bing Yinyang contains various ideological factors that are separated from each other but simultaneously have a certain connection.Its basic forms of expression can be summarized as four main categories of Yin and Yang,numerology,witchcraft and Fangji.From the perspective of military science,the application of Bing Yinyang in actual warfare can be divided into strategy and tactics.There are also situations in which two levels of strategy and tactics are integrated.This essay also studies Bing Yinyang in the earlier days,and proposes that these traditions of Bing Yinyang in pre-Qin were basically carried on smoothly in the early Han Dynasty,and thus became the forerunners of Bing Yinyang in Han period.The second chapter of the main text comprehensively sorts out the history of Bing Yinyang in Han dynasty,and confirms the universality of some important ideas of Bing Yinyang school from the sorting and spreading of military literature,the connotation and main points of Bing Yinyang thoughts in historical records,and the practical application of Bing Yinyang in the society of Han Dynasty.A basic clue of Bing Yinyang theories is the principle that parallel things have an analogical interaction.Turning to the analogy of "facts" that can be felt and experienced in real life to the unpredictable "Tao of Heaven and Earth",Bing Yinyang moved on the same path with the mainstream academic thoughts in Han Dynasty.On the basis of the concrete thinking mode of "simulating natural law" in real personnel affairs,Bing Yinyang opened up an abstract path of association with the characteristics of the time,while its development was in line with the academic mainstream of Han Dynasty,which was the evolution of Confucian classics and philology.As for the concept of Bing Yinyang and its applications throughout all levels of society,the article makes elaboration and explanation with various examples from specific aspects such as time selection,celestial phenomena,divination,witchcraft and worship,and magic arts.This article finally focuses on the development of Bing Yinyang in Han Dynasty and its historical influence.The theory of Bing Yinyang and its development can be grasped from the category of dialectical relationship in separation from the distinction between "Tao" and "Skill".Therefore,the development process of Bing Yinyang is closely related to the general trend of ideology and scholarship.The progress of Bing Yinyang took a major turn between the two Han dynasties.One of the reasons was the change in the style of academic thoughts.On the other hand,Emperor Guangwu abolished the system of county soldiers,which brought about difficulties for local civilians to receive military training.As a result,they were getting closer to witchcraft and worship with significant belief characteristics.The mainstream academic thought of Han Dynasty was in a situation of continuous expansion and assimilation of other thoughts.Under the oppression of this giant,Bing Yinyang could only show a subordinate position of isomorphism.The article analyses the reasons for the formation of the critical thinking of Bing Yinyang,and believes that it can be viewed from two aspects,namely direct refutation arising from rational suspicion,and re-interpretation based on the differences of terminology and perspectives.Finally,the paper analyses the historical influences of Bing Yinyang,argues that they are mainly manifested in the military ideological heritage and accumulation of military strategists,as well as the external literary rhetorical progress.In particular,the road of literary rhetoric shown by Han Fu reflects the evoluting course of Bing Yinyang,which has been entering the language system from a knowledge background,and has an extraordinary historical significance.