| BackgroundChild neglect refers to the fact that child caregivers fail to meet children’s basic growth needs and rights due to long-term neglect of their responsibilities and obligations,which endangers or harms children’s healthy development,or makes children face great threats that can be avoided.The high incidence and wide spread of children’s neglect is one of the important causes of children’s psychological and mental problems.Previous studies have found that individuals who suffered from severe neglect in childhood may present antisocial personality,be insensitive to the types of emotional stimuli,and have impaired emotional recognition ability.Therefore,this study will focus on the relationship between children’s neglect,personality characteristics,empathy and emotional recognition,in order to further enrich the research on children’s neglect,and then avoid the permanent damage to children from multiple angles,to provide theoretical support for children’s physical and mental healthy growth.Objectives1.To study the status quo of children’s neglect,personality characteristics,empathy ability,and emotion recognition ability,and analyze the distribution characteristics of these four in demographic variables.2.Analyze the influence of children’s neglect on children’s personality characteristics,empathy and emotion recognition,reveals the role of personality characteristics between children’s neglect and empathy,and further explains the influence mechanism of childhood neglect experience on individual empathy ability.3.To explore the effect of children’s neglect level on emotional attentional bias in order to provide scientific intervention and empirical evidence for the development of neglected children’s cognitive behavior.MethodsCluster sampling was used to randomly select 15 classes in 5 schools in Xinxiang City.A total of 691 students from grades five to eight participated in and completed the general demographics information questionnaire,Child Neglect Scale（CNS）,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire（EPQ）,Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C（IRI-C）,and behavioral experiments of emotion recognition.The questionnaire information was entered into the Excel table according to the test code and the corresponding scoring standard to establish a complete database;the behavioral data was firstly analyzed and processed in Eprime2.0,and then imported into the Excel table.SPSS26.0 was used to conduct descriptive statistical analysis,independent sample t test,one-way ANOVA,Pearson correlation analysis,regression analysis and other methods to investigate the distribution characteristics of children’s neglect,empathy ability and personality characteristics in demographic variables and the three Using Amos24.0 to construct the relationship model among children’s neglect,empathy ability and personality traits.Results1.Children of different ages and grades had statistically significant differences in safety neglect,communication neglect,physical neglect,affection neglect and the total neglect scale score（P<0.05）.There are significant differences between urban children and rural children in each dimension and total score of CNS scale（t=-4.889,P<0.001;t=-2.974,P=0.003;t=-2.955,P=0.003;t=-3.370,P<0.001;t=-4.505,P<0.001）;children with different parents’ marital status had significant differences in affection neglect（F=5.060,P=0.002）and the total neglect scale score（F=3.684,P=0.012）;children who lived with other relatives in the past year neglect scores were relatively high,and children living with different people had significant differences in communication neglect（F=3.239,P=0.022）;children with different father’s education levels had communication neglec（F=2.386,P=0.049）,mother’s with different educational levels had significant differences in physical neglect（F=2.870,P=0.022）and the total neglect scale score（F=2.418,P=0.047）.2.Extroversion have statistically significant differences in gender variables（t=2.483,P=0.013）.There are significant differences in all dimensions of EPQ scale among subjects of different ages and grades（P<0.05）.There are significant differences between urban children and rural children in all dimensions of EPQ scale（P<0.05）.Children with different marital status have significant differences in neuroticism（F=5.060,P=0.002）.Children living with different people have significant differences in psychoticism（F=2.647,P=0.048）and neuroticism（F=5.707,P=0.001）.There are significant differences in extroversion between children with different educational levels of fathers and mothers（F=4.256,P=0.002;F=4.879,P=0.001）.3.Girls scored significantly higher than boys in fantasy,empathy concern,personal distress and IRI-C total score（t=2.057,P=0.040;t=3.457,P=0.001;t=3.710,P<0.001;t=4.028,P<0.001）;There are significant differences in all dimensions of IRI-C scale among subjects of different ages and grades（P<0.05）.The only child’s compassionate care score is significantly higher than that of non-only child（t=2.034,P=0.042）.There are significant differences between urban children and rural children in all dimensions of IRI-C scale（P<0.05）.Children with different marital status have significant differences in personal distress（F=3.921,P=0.009）.4.The total score and each dimension of the CNS scale were significantly positively correlated with psychoticism and neuroticism（P<0.05）,and were significantly negatively correlated with the dimensions of extroversion（P<0.05）.There was a significant negative correlation（P<0.05）between each dimension and perspective taking,empathy concern,and a significant positive correlation（P<0.05）with personal distress.Safety neglect,physical neglect,and the total score of CNS scale were significantly correlated with fantasy.Significant negative correlations（P<0.05）;extroversion,neuroticism and children’s empathy ability were significantly positively correlated（P<0.05）,psychoticism was significantly positively correlated with personal distress（P<0.05）,while perspective-taking and empathy were significantly positively correlated（P<0.05）significant negative correlation between empathy concern（P<0.05）.5.Gender（t=-2.811,P=0.005）,physical neglect（t=-5.319,P<0.001）,psychoticism（t=-3.589,P<0.001）,extraversion（t=5.951,P=0.009）,and neuroticism（t=9.651,P=0.009）ha ve a statistically significant effect on children’s empathy ability（P<0.05）,and the fi tting degree of the constructed regression equation is 24.90%.6.The mediating effect of personality between children’s neglect and empathy ability is remarkable,and the estimated mediating effect is 0.663,accounting for 44.74% of the total effect.7.The accuracy rate of children in the low neglected group in three emotional pictures was significantly higher than that in the high neglected group（t=-5.320,-4.659,-3.675,P<0.05）.8.There is a significant negative correlation between the accuracy rate of neutral and positive pictures and CNS scales and the total scores of scales（P<0.05）,and there is also a significant negative correlation between the accuracy rate of negative pictures and safety neglect,affection neglect and the total scores of CNS scales（P<0.05）.The correct rate of the three types of tasks was positively correlated with the total score of IRI-C scale,perspective-taking,fantasy and empathy concern（P<0.05）.9.Gender（t=-0.048,P=0.002）,family residence（t=-2.141,P=0.033）,safety neglect dimension（t=-2.282,P=0.023）,all of which have a significant influence on children’s emotion recognition ability（P<0.05）.10.The mediating effect of empathy ability between children’s neglect and emotion recognition is significant,and the estimated mediating effect is-0.004,accounting for22.57% of the total effect.Conclusions1.Demographic variables such as age,grade,and parents’ marital status are the influencing factors of children’s level of neglect,personality characteristics,and empathy.The higher the score,the lower the level of empathy;the children whose parents divorced and remarried had serious neglect,and the neurotic personality characteristics were more prominent.2.The empathy level of girls was significantly higher than that of boys,and the empathy level of children is affected by gender,physical neglect,psychoticism,extraversion and neuroticism.Personality characteristics play a mediating role between children’s neglect and empathy.3.Children in the high neglected group had a lower correct rate of emotion recognition than children in the neglected group,Children’s empathy level is affected by gender,home location,and safety neglect.The level of empathy plays a mediating role between children’s neglect and emotion recognition. |
PDF Full Text Request