Research On Strong Electromagnetic Pulse Measurement And Lightning Location Technology

Strong electromagnetic pulse is divided into three categories: high altitude nuclear explosion electromagnetic pulse,solar flare explosion and lightning,each phenomenon will cause great disaster to human daily life.Considering the probability of nuclear explosion and flare explosion,lightning is the most contacted and most harmful natural disaster.This paper studies the measurement and location of strong electromagnetic pulse,and completes the development of the acquisition and detection system based on multi station lightning electromagnetic pulse.The main work and innovation points of this paper are as follows:Firstly,the single station location method and multi station location method of lightning are studied.The basic principle of single station positioning and the reasons for error are analyzed;three multi station positioning methods based on different measurement parameters are analyzed;Taylor series method and Chan algorithm for solving TDOA equations are simulated and analyzed;and for the situation of Chan Taylor series method in the far-field detection error,BP Taylor series method based on BP neural network is proposed,which trains a large number of ideal data,The initial value of the location is estimated more accurately,so that the lightning target is located to the far field more accuratelySecondly,the front antenna and conditioning circuit are completed.Aiming at the electromagnetic wave of lightning radiation,the flat capacitance antenna and differential magnetic field antenna are designed.According to the requirements of large range of electric field intensity measurement and high sensitivity,the electric field conditioning circuit and differential magnetic field conditioning circuit are designed.The design results meet the requirements of measurement range and measurement sensitivity.Then the hardware design of the strong electromagnetic pulse acquisition board is completed.The design of AD sampling module,power supply module,clock module and data transmission module is completed,and the PCB design and layout are completed.Finally,the performance test of the electromagnetic pulse acquisition system shows that compared with other similar systems,the system designed in this paper has a measuring range of 120 d B,higher sensitivity,and the rising time of the electromagnetic pulse waveform is very short.The system can respond quickly,complete data transmission and real-time display.