A Special Study On Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control In The Erhai Basin

In recent years,China has invested a lot of money in the prevention and treatment of industrial point sources in freshwater lakes,but the eutrophication status is still remaind.One of the important reasons is that we neglect the effects of agricultural non-point source pollution.Erhai Lake is the basis factor of Dali's economy,protecting Erhai Lake is the most important task of Yunnan's ecological civilization construction.For a long time,the ecosystem function of Erhai Lake has been destroyed.The pollution mainly comes from the unreasonable development of lakeside catering tourism and agricultural non-point source pollution.In 2015,Xi Jinping instructed that the Erhai Lake must be protected,and the Yunnan government immediately took actions.In 2017,the Dali State Government issued various documents to launch the "Seven Actions" to control the water of Erhai Lake,including the non-point source pollution reduction action,which stipulated the scope of the garlic cultivation.In 2018,local government regulations and norms were promulgated successively,such as the Measures for the Management of Pesticide Management and Use in the Erhai River Basin of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture,and the Three-Year Action Plan on Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in the Erhai River Basin to Build "Erhai Green Food Brand"(2018-2020).Specific measures such as recycling garlic seeds and eradicating garlic cultivation have aroused great controversy in society,which has caused the debate over the legitimacy and rationality of such administrative control measures,and the conflict between farmers' livelihood and environmental protection has begun to emerge.Gradually,it became a conflict needs to be solved as a whole.Aiming at these problems,we carried out an investigation on agricultural non-point source pollution in Erhai Lake.Through on-the-spot visit and document review,we got the summary about the management of Erhai Lake Protection: For the management of agricultural non-point source pollution in the public domain,single administrative control is not enough,We should comprehensively consider the standardization and legitimacy of legislation,the balance between agricultural production and water protection.When the economic development conflicts with the public interest,we should not neglect the loss of one part for the benefit of the other one.In the cross domain of public right and private right,It should be cleared that both of them are important.When the government takes administrative actions,it should pay attention to the logic and standardization of the law to enhance the influence of the legal credibility on the citizens.We also analyze the feasibility of agricultural negative list system,multi-center governance model and main functional area planning for Erhai Lake governance and protection.