Study On The Extraction Of Metallic Copper By Cyclonic Electrowinning Of Copper Electrolyte Under The Action Of Impurity Metal Ions

Copper has good conductivity and thermal conductivity,and is widely used in electric power,electronics,construction industry,transportation,industrial machinery manufacturing and other industries.In the process of zinc hydrometallurgy,a large amount of secondary resource with high copper content purified copper slag will be produced.The purified copper is extracted by the process of oxidation acid leaching and cyclone electrowinning.The metal ions of zinc,cadmium and iron impurities have great influence on the cyclone electrowinning of leaching solution.The optimal leaching experiment in this paper,according to the purification of copper slag simulated vortex electric product technology of copper electrolyte,the vortex electric product impurities in the process of metal ions Zn²⁺and Cd²⁺,Fe³⁺for copper recovery,cathode copper surface morphology and the influence of current efficiency,achieve efficient recovery from the copper electrolyte solution copper,produce qualified high purity cathode copper products.The results show that:(1)In the presence of Fe³⁺,the three-stage current efficiency,Cu²⁺recovery rate and cathode copper purity of copper electrodeposition in copper electrolyte are all lower than those of other ions,indicating that the amount of Fe³⁺added to copper electrolyte has a greater impact on current efficiency,Cu²⁺recovery rate and cathode copper purity.(2)The metal ions Zn²⁺,Cd²⁺and Fe³⁺have different effects on the morphology of cathode copper obtained by cyclone electrodeposition.The addition of Zn²⁺can form dendrite structure on the macroscopic morphology of cathode copper,while the addition of Cd²⁺and Fe³⁺can produce dense cathode copper.(3)In the presence of Zn²⁺,dendrite structures are formed in the microstructure of cathode copper plates obtained by cyclone electrodeposition,and with the increase of Zn²⁺concentration and the decrease of Cu²⁺concentration,the number of dendrite structures on cathode copper plates increases.This phenomenon does not occur in the cathode copper sheet obtained by adding Cd²⁺and Fe³⁺electrodeposition.(4)In the presence of Zn²⁺,Cd²⁺and Fe³⁺,the cathode copper products obtained by three-stage cyclone electrodeposition show that the cathode copper products obtained by one-stage cyclone electrodeposition have high gloss and smooth surface.The cathode copper products obtained by two-stage cyclone electrodeposition have good gloss and smooth surface.However,the cathode copper produced by three-stage electrodeposition has low quality gloss,fine copper particles on the surface and even produces black copper powder.The current efficiency and copper electrodeposition rate can be improved effectively by using the segmented cyclone electrodeposition method,and the quality of cathode copper products can be improved significantly.