Research On Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language Based On Human Metaphor Vocabulary Based On HSK

Metaphor is rooted in human thinking,language and culture,and has become the basis of human thinking and activities.It is also commonly found in vocabulary,sentence,discourse and other forms of language,which enriches language expression and reflects human’s creative thinking ability."To know something else by observing or copying something nearby",human cognition of the objective world based on the understanding of their body.From near to far,from concrete to abstract,from known to unknown,people are good at observing and using the characteristics and rules of familiar things to apply and extend.This paper focuses on the basic and important metaphorical vocabulary--human body metaphors.Body metaphorical words are very common in Chinese,but they are difficult for students to learn.Based on the syllabus,textbooks and corpus of HSK,this paper makes a research on body metaphorical words in HSK.This paper mainly divided into three parts.First of all,the body metaphor vocabulary in the New Chinese Proficiency Test Syllabus and the HSK Chinese Course is summarized,and it is found that the body metaphor vocabulary is mainly concentrated in intermediate and advanced level.Then the body metaphors are classified and analyzed according to the position and mapping relationship,and makes an adaptive analysis of their number,difficulty distribution and category characteristics.It is found that HSK Chinese Course and New Chinese Proficiency Test Syllabus have a relatively high adaptation degree.The textbook basically covers the related vocabulary in the syllabus,but at the same time,there are some extra supersyllabus vocabulary.Second,Based on HSK corpus,this paper analyzes the errors of foreign students’ use of human body metaphor words,identifies the high-frequency words and high-frequency error words,and finds that there are four causes: missing,redundant,confusion and else.It may come from learners,teachers,textbooks and other aspects:negitive transfer of mother tongue,teachers and textbooks do not pay enough attention to metaphorical vocabulary,the way dictionaries and other tools are used also makes a difference.Finally,According to the problems found,this paper puts forward some suggestions for the teachers and learners respectively.Teachers should make reasonable use of syllabus and textbooks in teaching,improve their own sensitivity to metaphor,cultivate students’ metaphorical awareness and metaphorical ability,pay attention to the teaching of metaphorical vocabulary,pay attention to the comparison of metaphors between Chinese and foreign lanuages,realize multimodal metaphor by comprehensive means,and teach different teaching objects at different levels.Learners should understand the metaphorical culture in Chinese,and accumulate and use more Chinese metaphorical vocabulary.