A Study On The Eye Movement Characteristics Of Water Polo Goalkeepers To Judge The Expected Line Of Penalty Kicks

he eyes are the main source of external information.It is widely used in psychology to study human psychological changes by recording human eye movements.Sports scenes are changing rapidly,and athletes are required to observe and make accurate judgments at any time.Eye movement instrument can provide athletes gaze track and visual search strategy in the judgment process.Eye movement analysis is considered to be one of the most effective methods for human information extraction.In this paper,water polo goalkeepers and ordinary swimmers watch different water polo players ‘ penalty kicks as experimental video materials,to study the eye movement characteristics of water polo goalkeepers in the process of defending penalty kicks.There are 20 participants in this experiment,including 10 water polo goalkeepers(Reached the national level 2 or above,and participated in the competition in the past year),10 other water polo players who are not goalkeepers(who have not participated in the formal goalkeeper training,but have the experience of goalkeepers).The visual acuity and corrected visual acuity of the participants were above 5.0.They have no problems such as color blindness,weak color,physical and mental health.In the experiment,the video of water polo players' penalty kick was used as the stimulus material.ASL-D6 eye movement recorder produced by American Applied Science Laboratory(ASL)was used to analyze the reaction time,correct rate and eye movement index of athletes in the process of judgment.SPSS16.0 statistical software and Microsoft excl worksheet were used for statistical analysis.Research results:(1)The eye movement gaze track of the expert group's water polo goalkeepers when judging the penalty line is generally consistent,and the gaze track route is concluded by summarizing it: head-shoulder-arm-wrist-ball,while the gaze track of the novice group is more scattered and irregular.(2)There are significant differences in response time and accuracy between expert and novice goalkeepers for different types of stimulus materials.Professional goalkeepers react faster than rookie ones;the accuracy of the expert group in judging the direction of the penalty is higher than that of the novice group.(3)The information processing efficiency of the expert group goalkeepers is higher than that of the novice group goalkeepers.The scene experiment of the expert group was closer to the reality than that of the novice group.;expert group goalkeepers have longer gaze time,fewer gaze positions and clear gaze positions;novice group goalkeepers have more gaze positions,shorter gaze time and scattered gaze positions.(4)With the increasing difficulty of experimental video materials,the correct rate of judging the direction of the penalty kicks of the expert group and novice group gradually decreases,and the reaction time gradually increases.Two sets of experimental video materials A and B are the critical period for the goalkeeper to judge the direction of the penalty kick.The goalkeeper of the expert group takes the shoulder,shooting arm and ball as the main observation points to judge the shooting direction.The reaction time is short and the accuracy is high.The novice group goalkeepers have a more scattered gaze without focusing on the gaze area,a longer reaction time,lower accuracy rate and irregular gaze.(5)under experimental conditions,the field experience,training degree and movement level of the water polo goalkeeper are the main factors affecting the fixation time and fixation times of each position.These directly affect the whole process of the penalty.