| Abalone is one of the highest economic value of seafood in domestic and abroad markets today,which is due to its good meat taste and high-quality nutritional value.The yield of the abalone is increasing year by year with the continuous development of marine aquaculture.For now,how to deal with this processing by-product has become a difficult problem in abalone processing.Therefore,the rational development and utilization the of abalone byproduct resources had great significance.The abalone viscera was used as experimental materials in this article,the extraction technology of abalone viscera grease by multistage counter-current method was validated through calculated theoretic stages of multi-stage counter-current extraction plan under ideal conditions and optimized operation parameters.At the same time,the physical and chemical indicators,fatty acids and functional ingredients of abalone viscera grease were analyzed.Then,the strength of antioxidant activity in vitro of abalone viscera grease,its influences on hyperlipemia mice’s plasma lipid intervention effect and the impact of antioxidant effect in vivo were studied.The contents and results of this subject were as follows:The calculated result of theoretical stage of abalone viscera grease extraction by multistage counter-current extraction method under ideal conditions was 3.15.And the designed actual counter-current extraction operation stages was 4.In the meanwhile,the optimization results of multistage counter-current extraction parameters were as follows:the ratio of material and liquid was 1:3,extraction time was 40 min,the oscillation frequency was 250 times/min and extracting agent was anhydrous ethanol.In the cascade simulation experiment of four stages counter-current extraction,the extracts concentration and the residual grease amount obtained by extracting each round were 9.3%and 13.5%,respectively,which was similar to the simulated assumption values and proved that the application of design of four stages counter-current extraction on abalone viscera grease industrial extraction was feasible.The acid value,peroxide value and iodine value of the abalone viscera grease were 126.9±2.84 g/100g,3.6±0.32 mmol/kg and1.26±0.16 mg/g,respectively,which were measured after refining process.And iodine value and peroxide value were up to the primary standard of refined fish grease,acid value was up to the secondary standard of refined fish grease.Twenty-three kinds of fatty acids in abalone viscera grease were detected by the GC-MS.Among them,it had fifteen kinds of unsaturated fatty acid whose content was 56.60%.The content of functional unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid,linoleic acid,alpha linolenic acid,arachidonic acid and EPA were 10.97%,1.59%,0.64%,16.53%and 14.63%,respectively.The content of vitamin E and astaxanthin were 10.5±0.4 mg/100g and 533.8±2.6 μg/g,respectively,which were detected by HPLC.It is demonstrated that the nutritional value of abalone viscera grease was relatively rich,which made it have the value of development and utilization.The antioxidant activity in vitro of abalone viscera grease was studied,and its antioxidant activity was characterized through determination of DPPH free radicals,ABTS+free radical and hydroxyl free radical.The results showed that the enhancement of abalone viscera grease on clearance of DPPH free radical,ABTS+free radical and hydroxyl free radical had proportion relationship with the concentration of abalone viscera grease.Under the same concentration condition,the scavenging capacity of abalone viscera grease for the three free radicals were weaker than vitamin E’s.Although there was a gap between scavenging capacity of abalone viscera grease and vitamin E,the abalone viscera grease had some antioxidant ability.By establishing hyperlipidemia KM mouse model,used abalone viscera grease as intervention experiment of the established hyperlipidemia KM mouse model.The change of the organs index of mouse weight were observed,and its effect on hyperlipemia mice blood lipid and antioxidant capacity in vivo were studied.The content of TG,TC,HDL-C,LDL-C and AI index in mouse serum were detected.And the content of NO,MDA,antioxidant index in vivo for example GSH-PX and T-SOD in mouse serum were also detected.The determination results showed that the abalone viscera grease had the stabilization and protection ability for the weight,liver and kidney index of the mouse.And the abalone viscera grease had the effect of declining on the content of TG,TC,LDL-C and AI indexin in hyperlipidemia mouse serum,as well as had the improvement effect on the content of HDL-C in hyperlipidemia mouse serum.The abalone viscera grease had the promotion effect on the content of NO and intervention of the activity of GSH-PX,T-SOD in hyperlipidemia mouse serum,and had remarkable effect intervention of the content of MDA in hyperlipidemia mouse serum.The physiological condition of hyperlipidemia mouse can be controlled by abalone viscera grease,which can reduce the level of TG,TC in mouse serum,promote the metabolism of lipids and improve related antioxidant enzyme system in vivo of mouse,it played an important role in reducing the risk coefficient of cardiovascular disease. |
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