| Since the reform and opening-up,the regional governments in China have regarded the construction of industrial parks as a new engine to stimulate regional economic growth,and the number of industrial parks has also increased year by year.By 2019,the number of industrial parks in China has increased to 2,543.The vigorous development of industrial parks not only brings economic benefits to China,but also brings many environmental problems,which seriously affects the ecological balance.Due to the concentration of industrial enterprises in the industrial park,industrial production is accompanied by a large amount of energy consumption,which will also discharge a large amount of air pollutants into the environment,seriously affecting the air quality in the park and its surrounding areas.Building eco-industrial parks,improving the eco-efficiency of industrial parks and promoting the circular development of industrial parks have gradually become the requirements and trends of the construction and development of industrial parks.Therefore,it is necessary to study the ecological development level and green development transformation path of industrial parks.In this study,18 national industrial parks in Henan Province were taken as the research objects,and the emission inventory of main air pollutants(SO2,NOx,CO,PM10,PM2.5,VOCs and NH3)in 2017 were established,and the emission characteristics of seven air pollutants were analyzed.Then,based on the air pollutant emission inventory,the Data Envelopment Analysis model with undesired output was selected to evaluate the eco-efficiency of 18 industrial parks.Then,from the perspective of energy,economy and industrial structure,the influencing factors of the eco-efficiency value of industrial parks were analyzed.Then a multi-objective optimization model of industrial structure adjustment was designed,which includes three factors:environment,economy and energy,in order to find a way of green transformation of industrial parks.The results show that:(1)The total amount of air pollutants discharged from national industrial parks in Henan Province is relatively high.In 2017,the total amount of SO2,NOx,CO,PM10,PM2.5,VOCs and NH3 discharged from 18 industrial parks in Henan Province was 22112.8,53208.9,109191.1,13152.2,5389.4,16733.1 and 1799.7 tons.From the industrial point of view,power plants were the main contributors of SO2 and NOx,accounting for 57.7%and 76.6%of the total emissions.CO,PM10 and PM2.5 mainly came from the emissions of non-metallic products,accounting for 71.3%,55.4%and 44.2%of the total emissions,respectively.Printing industry emits the most VOCs,accounting for 54.2%of the total emissions.NH3 mainly came from the production activities of chemical industry.From the perspective of the park,the emissions of SO2,CO and PM10 in Nanyang Comprehensive Bonded Zone were the highest,the emissions of NOx and VOCs in National Luohe Economic and Technological Development Zone were the highest,and the emissions of PM2.5 in Zhengzhou New High-Tech Industry Development Zone were the highest.(2)The results of eco-efficiency assessment showed that the ecological development level of different industrial parks in Henan Province was uneven,and their efficiency scores ranged from 0.06 to 1.National Xinxiang Economic and Technological Development Zone,Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone,National Zhengzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone and National Luoyang New High-Tech Industry Development Zone had the highest eco-efficiency values.The eco-efficiency values of National Puyang Economic and Technological Development Zone is the lowest.The sensitivity analysis showed that the consumption of land and water resources will have a significant impact on the evaluation results of data envelopment model.Actively optimizing the energy structure and industrial structure of the industrial park and increasing the average industrial added value of enterprises in the park can effectively improve the eco-efficiency of the park.(3)Industrial structure optimization is an important way for the green transformation of industrial parks.Compared with the benchmark scenario,the performance of economic,energy and environmental benefits of typical industrial parks under the green development scenario has been significantly improved.The result of multi-objective optimization showed that the total economic benefits of the six typical industrial parks would increase by 24.1 billion RMB compared with the baseline scenario,the total energy savings would be 2215.4 ktce,and the total greenhouse gas CO2 emission would reach 3520.1 kt.The total emissions of SO2,PM2.5 and VOCs were 6,159.2 tons,2,205.6 tons and 1465.7 tons,respectively.Therefore,in the future,the national industrial parks in Henan Province should speed up the optimization and adjustment of industrial structure,gradually eliminate or restrict the development of high energy-consuming industries such as steel and cement,and vigorously develop new industries with low energy consumption and high added value of products,so as to rapidly promote the process of green and sustainable development of industrial parks. |
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