Environmental Governance Of Arctic Region:Regime Complex Perspectives

Environmental issues have long been on the agenda in Arctic governance.The anthropogenic presence is increasing every year due to the great economic potential of the region,and the fragile ecosystem of the Arctic is climate-forming for the whole world because everything is interconnected in the environment.Due to climate change,the flora and fauna of the Arctic are becoming poorer,biodiversity is endangered,glaciers are rapidly melting,harmful substances releasing from the ice and land of the Arctic,and human activity is polluting and destroying the ecology of the region.Addressing such urgent issues requires a holistic approach and a critical reconsideration of the existing system of legal regulation in the Arctic,as well as the architecture of Arctic governance.This research suggests a political solution based on the formation of a regime complex for the protection of the Arctic environment and the application of hard and soft laws as complements to each other.It is argued that,firstly,a regime complex will create a cohesive,uniform political environment in which the regimes will be coordinated among themselves and will work in synergy.Secondly,soft law instruments now prevail in Arctic governance,but this has proven to be insufficient for effective environmental governing in the modern world.Therefore,implementing hard law together with soft law as complements will be the best solution.Hard and soft law instruments will mutually reinforce,providing effective legal regulation in the Arctic.Such legal integrity and cooperation between the regimes of the Arctic will help to better adapt to changes in existing geopolitical conditions and the variability of environmental processes.