Study On Vegetation Ecological Restoration Design Of Mine Abandoned Land

China is in the state of vigorous economic development,the demand for mineral resources in related industries is increasing day by day,and mineral exploitation activities are also increasing.As the product of the exploitation of mineral resources,the abandoned mines have a profound negative impact on the ecological environment.At present,China is standing at the intersection of the two centenary periods.It is imperative to protect the ecological environment and fight the battle against pollution.Ecological restoration of mine wasteland is an important part of ecological environment construction.Based on literature research method,field investigation method,systematic induction and comparison method and case analysis method,this paper summarizes and combs the theory and practice of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land with vegetation restoration as the breakthrough point.The ecological restoration and vegetation restoration methods of mine wasteland were explored and applied to the vegetation ecological restoration design of Gaocun Dump of Nanshan Mine in Ma ’anshan.The main research contents and achievements of this paper are as follows:(1)Clarify the research direction of ecological restoration of abandoned mine lands.By referring to literature and reading relevant books,this paper summarizes the social environment background of ecological restoration of mine wasteland,summarizes the development status of ecological restoration theory and practice of mine wasteland at home and abroad,and defines the relevant concepts of mine wasteland.(2)Summarize the theories related to ecological restoration of vegetation in abandoned mining areas.Ecological restoration models of mine wastelands can be divided into 11 types according to restoration direction,restoration means and benefit value.Ecological restoration mode selection strategy can be constructed according to service direction,function value and selection direction.The quality control standard of mine ecological restoration should be clarified to provide evaluation basis for ecological restoration practice of abandoned mine land in the later period(3)Exploration of ecological restoration theory of abandoned mine vegetation.Firstly,according to plant species and functional objectives,there are 9 vegetation ecological restoration modes in abandoned mine lands.It is very important to select the appropriate vegetation ecological restoration mode according to the actual situation.Secondly,the commonly used tree species of legumes,gramineae,compositae and other species were summarized to provide reference for the ecological restoration of vegetation in mine wastelands.(4)Practice and application of vegetation ecological restoration in abandoned mine land.Taking Gaocun Dump of Nanshan Mine in Ma ’anshan as the research object,the present situation of the project was firstly analyzed,and soil nutrient content and p H value were measured at 6 points within the range.It was found that the abundance and deficiency of soil nutrient in Gaocun Dump was medium,which could achieve normal conditions for plant growth.Soil p H value is acidic,plant recovery should choose acid-tolerant environment plants.Secondly,the restoration mode of forest and grass in Gaocun Dump was determined based on the current situation.Then,the environmental plant types suitable for Gaocun Dump in Nanshan Mine were screened by combining with four aspects of common tree species,current tree species,surrounding environment tree species and local tree species.The dump was divided into three areas: mining area-dump,dump center area and dump-Putang Scenic area,and plant communities were constructed respectively.Finally,the ecological restoration design scheme of vegetation of Nanshan Mine dump in Ma ’anshan was evaluated by the quality control standard of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land,and the feasibility of ecological restoration design was verified.