Study On The Costumes Of Nanzhao Buddhist Statue

After Buddhism was introduced into Yunnan area,it continued to spread and develop for a long time.It flourished in Nanzhao and Dali regime,and was known as "Miaoxiang Buddha State".Among them,Nanzhao,as the rising stage of Buddhism in Yunnan,was not only widely believed by the people,but also respected by the royal family.In the late Nanzhao,Nanzhao abolished Taoism and Buddhism became its state religion,and vigorously built temples and statues.In Yunnan,it gradually formed a religion with local and ethnic characteristics.Since Nanzhao,its main areas have traces of Buddhism,Buddhism in contact with other culture,and under the influence of regional,ethnic,social factors,absorbed part of the local customs and culture,showed the localization of the Buddhist such as statues,among these,the Buddhist statue costumes are the most obvious,and it has become an important witness of Nanzhao and other cultural exchanges.Buddhist statues as an important material to study Nanzhao religious and cultural exchanges,its costume modelling characteristics reflects the uniqueness and blend of the Nanzhao culture,confirm the existence style of Buddhist statues art in Nanzhao.Besdies,because most of the statues in the end of Nanzhao to the beginning of Dali regime,moreover,the Buddhist statues in the early stage of Dali regime inherited the style of Nanzhao,so also including this period in the study.In general,Nanzhao Buddhist statues costume research combined with its source,influencing factors such as social and historical background,and the temple towers,caves,sites unearthed statues as the main object,according to the related scriptures of Buddhist statues and costume modelling,to analyze all kinds of Buddhist statues costumes,to explore the Nanzhao Buddhism statues costume art of ethnic historical and cultural connotation,and the Nanzhao period of ethnic and cultural identity.Nanzhao Buddhism has multiple sources,and its statue costumes are also influenced by various factors.All kinds of Buddhist statue costumes have their own characteristics and are interrelated.In this study it found that there are mainly four main types of Buddhist statues in Nanzhao.According to the Buddhist culture,the regulations on statues and the history of Nanzhao,divide this research into four parts.The first part,the Buddha and the Bodhisattva statue clothing.Buddha,bodhisattva is the most important god of Buddhism,its clothes and ornaments regulation development long and system.There are two types of Nanzhao Buddha statues costume,the clothes and ornaments of bodhisattva statues are more active and enrich in the late Nanzhao period.On the whole,both styles are mainly influenced by Indian and Chinese Buddhism.The second part,the clothes and ornaments of who protects the Buddha dharma.During the Nanzhao period,the belief of the god gradually arisen,and related statues also appeared in some grottoes.The costumes of these statues basically followed the Buddhist regulations,but the specific statues were different from other places and related to local customs and culture.The third part,Buddhism is related to the secular mortal statue costumes.This part of the statues comes from the real world and take social existence as reference.Its costume characteristics are closely related to the costumes and customs of Nanzhao society,which not only shows the "Buddhism" of the society,but also reflects the secularization and localization of Buddhism.The fourth part is the influencing factors and significance of Nanzhao Buddhist statue costumes.Yunnan Buddhism origin complex,mainly has the influence of India,ancient China,Tubo,and also with southeast Asian and South Asian aesthetic art characteristics,furthermore,the local culture is not allowed to ignore.These content has greatly influenced the statue clothing modelling,and showed the Buddhist spirit,secular ideas and social thought in its evolution and cultural exchange.