Research On Furniture Design Of Learning Area For Autistic Children Based On Scenario Analysis

With the continuous improvement and development of special education,the research data of the auk deer Autism Research Institute in 2019 showed that the incidence rate of autism in children with autism increased gradually,with a incidence rate of 0.8%.However,the reform and development of teaching methods are rapid.The existing furniture products in the teaching area for autistic children,such as desks and chairs,are not different from ordinary schools,can not meet the special needs of autistic children and the teaching needs of modern autistic children,and can not reflect the humanistic care for special groups.Therefore,in order to improve the humanized design care for special groups such as autistic children,and to meet the actual needs of diversified methods of teaching intervention for modern autistic children,this study studies the needs of autistic children and the teaching needs of teachers,extracts the design elements of autistic children’s furniture,and designs a desk and chair in the teaching area for autistic children as the design verification,It can meet the needs of autistic children,adapt to the teaching needs of different scenes,and improve the teaching efficiency of modern autistic children.The research is based on scenario analysis technology.The Munspencer’s color harmony theory is applied to analyze the color matching of furniture for autistic children,and the semantic difference method based on perceptual engineering is applied to analyze the shape of furniture for autistic children.The analysis results are combined with the results of ladder climbing interview based on AHP to determine the product color,material and shape design scheme.The mental model of teachers of autistic children based on metaphor extraction technology,the behavioral characteristics of autistic children extracted by observation method,the user portrait and journey map are established,the demand pain points and design opportunity points are summarized and refined,and the Kano model is established to classify and sort the needs.Finally,the fast function tree is used to solve the function elements,and the final output design scheme is verified by simulation combined with the method of scenario story board.Finally,combining ZMET method,image metaphor extraction technology and product semantic research method,let autistic children’s teachers conduct design evaluation and confirm the final design optimization direction.The main results are as follows:(1)Through market product research,it is found that the functional response points of furniture product design for autistic children are mainly: closed space,tactile enhancement and balance stability;The perceptual characteristics of furniture modeling of autistic children are safety,durability and comfort;Wood is the most widely used material for furniture for autistic children,which is often seen in panel materials and support materials,and is often used with metal construction;In the sample,when the wood color is used as the main color and the light white gray color is used as the color tone,the beauty of the color scheme is high.The design of furniture for autistic children mostly starts from the physiological and psychological needs of autistic children for touch,wrapping,security,balance and emotional comfort.However,in the process of combining the intervention for special groups with the practicability of furniture,there is often a lack of consideration of the actual use scene,and the specific use scene of furniture products is vague.(2)The behavioral characteristics of autistic children in the scene of the teaching area are obtained through the observation method.It is found that the common abnormal behaviors of autistic children in the classroom include slow acceptance of language information,actions to enhance sensory stimulation such as shaking the head or touching the face,poor limb balance and coordination,affecting walking,eye avoidance and not paying attention to classroom information,which have a serious impact on the classroom order.The results show that the teachers of autistic children mainly pay attention to the color,material,shape,space size and other elements of the furniture design of the teaching area and the teaching area,pay attention to the safety,convenience and availability of the design results,and emphasize the influence of space design on the behavior,emotion and concentration of autistic children.(3)According to the user’s physiological and psychological characteristics,user’s mental model and user’s needs extracted from the observation and interview results,the user portrait and journey map of autistic children and teachers with autistic children are established,16 furniture design needs of autistic children’s teaching area are found and extracted,the problems are reclassified,summarized and sorted out,and the demand problems are divided into four categories:safety and comfort needs,storage needs Teaching needs and communication needs.Through Kano model,16 functional requirements are classified and sorted.The results show that the furniture in the teaching area for autistic children has four basic requirements,that is,the functional requirements that the furniture in the teaching area for autistic children must have: 1)anti shaking and anti dumping of desks and chairs;2)Desks and chairs are adjustable and can grow;3)Multifunctional teaching aids;4)Desks and chairs can be moved and combined.(4)Based on the contents of market research and user research,the design goal of this study is to improve the teaching efficiency of the teaching area for autistic children.Taking the "visual arrangement" based on structured teaching strategy,which takes advantage of the visual advantages of autistic children,as the core means to establish a desk visual support system under structured teaching strategy,and help autistic children’s teachers more effectively implement the "visual arrangement" and "establish routine" strategies through design means,which can effectively improve the teaching efficiency and meet the two-way needs of autistic children and teachers.(5)In the design response stage,combined with the results of ladder interview and color beauty analysis,wood is selected as the main material of furniture,and the color matching takes log color,light white gray and green as the product color matching scheme.In terms of material selection,the modeling mental path in the mental model is extracted,and combined with the analysis conclusion of furniture materials for autistic children,the final material selection scheme is wood,metal and unexpected;In terms of modeling design,by matching the perceptual characteristics of autistic children’s products and describing the mental path related to the modeling perception of autistic children’s teachers,the final design direction is derived,the elements of arc modeling design are added,and the corners of furniture are rounded to improve the safety and stability;Combine the mask shape with the desk and chair to improve ease of use and comfort;Through the concave design of panel and space,the functional ease of use and product durability are increased.In terms of functional design,the scenario concept transformation of the design is carried out according to the needs,and the functional structure diagram and functional element morphological matrix of desks and chairs for autistic children are established by fast functional analysis method.Finally,the design scheme is obtained,and the desks and chairs that meet the physiological and psychological needs of autistic children and meet different teaching needs are designed,which provides a reference for the product design of autistic children.(6)In the design evaluation stage,in order to use the effect picture of conceptual design scheme to test the feasibility of desk and chair design for autistic children,this study combines ZMET method,image metaphor extraction technology and product semantic research method,and repeatedly uses interview and questioning technology to mine the optimization direction for the design,so as to help designers scientifically determine the design iteration optimization direction by understanding the difference between users’ perception of products and product design expectations.