Research On Accounting Disclosure Of Carbon Emission Rights From The Perspective Of Social Responsibility

With the increase of greenhouse gas emissions and the aggravation of global climate change,China,as a major carbon emitter,has actively assumed the responsibility of carbon emission reduction and is committed to promoting the green development of the global economy.At the general debate of the 75th SESSION of the United Nations General Assembly,President Xi Jinping proposed that China aimed to peak its carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and achieved carbon neutrality by 2060.In August 2021,China’s first carbon satellite acquired the global carbon flux data set,marking that China has the capability of spatial quantitative detection of the global carbon budget.This provides strong data support for the formulation of carbon emission reduction policies in China.China’s carbon emission right trading is in the initial stage of development,and related theoretical research started late.There is a certain gap with foreign advanced theories.According to the research of Chinese scholars,the awareness and level of accounting disclosure of carbon emission right of Chinese enterprises is constantly improving,but there is still a lot of room for progress.China’s carbon emission trading market was initially established in 2017,and relevant supporting measures should be timely followed up and supplemented.Accounting disclosure of carbon emission rights should be paid more attention to as a way for the outside world to intuitively feel and contact the carbon emission management of enterprises.At present,there are no mandatory requirements and regulations on accounting disclosure of carbon emission rights in China,and the disclosure level of enterprises is uneven.The electric power industry is an industry with a large carbon emission base,and it is also the first pilot industry in the carbon emission trading market.It is of great significance and influence to do well the accounting disclosure of carbon emission rights.On the one hand,it can promote enterprises to better fulfill corporate social responsibility;on the other hand,it is convenient to unify the form of disclosure of enterprises,so that information users can make horizontal and vertical comparison.Therefore,this article analyzes the motivation of accounting disclosure of carbon emission rights from the perspective of social responsibility.Based on the reference of ESG information disclosure guidelines and CDP disclosure project,a new accounting disclosure framework of carbon emission rights is proposed according to the characteristics of the electric power industry,and CDI index is used to quantitatively evaluate the disclosure results of industrial enterprises.This article mainly uses literature analysis and case analysis.Firstly,22 listed companies in the electric power industry are selected as samples.According to the new accounting disclosure framework of carbon emission rights and CDI index,the accounting disclosure of carbon emission rights of 22 enterprises is scored,and the average level of the industry is obtained.The results show that there are some problems in the disclosure of electric power industry,such as the lack of standardization of disclosure channels,the lack of integrity of content,the lack of awareness of disclosure of enterprises,and the lack of legal support.This provides reference for the information disclosure of carbon emission rights of electric power enterprises and other industries.At the same time,this paper chooses Huaneng International Power International,which has a better accounting disclosure level of carbon emission rights in the power industry,as a case enterprise.A longitudinal comparison was made between its disclosure in the past three years and its report in 2020 and the industry average.The results show that the disclosure level of Huaneng International shows a developing trend,and the overall disclosure level performs well in the industry,but there are still some problems.Finally,from the perspective of different participants such as the government,media,independent third-party institutions,industry associations and enterprises themselves,relevant suggestions are put forward to provide reference for the development of accounting disclosure of carbon emission rights in China’s power industry.