Research On Operation Safety Risk Evaluation And Countermeasures Of Prefabricated Subway Station

In order to alleviate the increasingly severe traffic congestion,the rapid development of urban subway rail transit in China,based on this,the subway station has become another gathering place of people.Once an accident occurs in a subway station,it will be affected by the closure and density of the station,which will lead to serious consequences.Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to the prevention in advance and study the risks and unsafe factors in the operation of subway stations.In addition,in recent years,prefabricated technology has been applied to the construction process of subway stations and put into use.Prefabricated subway station in internal environment,infrastructure,layout,and other aspects presents different characteristics with the traditional station,so from a dynamic perspective,the prefabricated subway station operation risk level evaluation on the safety risk,temporary suspension can more targeted to achieve risk prevention and control.Based on this,125 domestic and foreign subway station operation accidents in the past50 years were statistically sorted out in this paper,and the types and causes of subway station operation accidents were analyzed.According to the "4M" theory,the influencing factors of the safety risks of prefabricated subway station operation were comprehensively identified from the perspectives of human,machine,environment and management.The evaluation index system of prefabricated subway station operation safety is obtained with quantitative index as main and qualitative index as auxiliary.On the basis of considering the relative importance and difference among indicators,the combination weighting method is adopted to calculate the subjective weight by fuzzy optimal and worst method,the objective weight by entropy weight method and the comprehensive weight by multiplier synthesis and normalization method,which makes the weight more close to the fact.Considering the index system of qualitative indexes,and the extension matter-element model can will be with the qualitative description to quantitative description,is built based on the extension matterelement model of prefabricated subway station operation safety evaluation model and applied to actual Prefabricated subway station project,the station operation security level of risk assessment.In addition,in the face of the most frequent fire accidents,emergency evacuation simulation is carried out with three different passenger flows of the prefabricated subway station under construction to obtain the driving situation,the number of passengers and the planning of the entrance and exit.The evaluation results show that the station is in a state of low risk on the whole,but there are still internal indicators with high risk: equipment indicators,power supply system,station super-peak coefficient,etc.According to the safety risk evaluation and simulation results,the safety countermeasures of prefabricated subway station operation are proposed from four aspects of human,machine,environment and management.Improve the emergency quality of passengers,strengthen the safety awareness of station staff,equipment and facilities daily and fault maintenance suggestions,optimize the layout,convenient service,green environment,change the management concept,improve the management system,establish and improve the emergency plan system and monitoring and early warning system.