Optimization Design And Experiment Of Deep Hole Scraping And Hobbing Tool

In the machinery manufacturing industry,deep hole machining is an important branch of machining,is the key process in machining.With the continuous upgrading of major equipment in high-end manufacturing fields such as energy,weapons and nuclear power,new high-strength and high-hardness difficult-to-process materials continue to appear,which puts forward higher requirements for the surface quality,processing efficiency and tool durability of deep-hole parts.However,the existing deep hole scraping and hobbing tool in China has some problems,such as roller expansion and shrinkage instability,low processing efficiency,difficult to guarantee dimensional accuracy,etc.,which leads to poor consistency of the parts’ inner holes after processing.Therefore,based on the research of deep hole scraping and hobbing tool at home and abroad,this paper carried out optimization design and experimental research on the tool structure.The main research contents are as follows:(1)The surface strengthening mechanism of deep hole scraping and rolling technology is analyzed.Firstly,the microstructure mechanism was analyzed from the aspect of grain refinement on the surface of parts during processing.Then,the surface quality mechanism was analyzed by taking the surface roughness as the research object.Finally,the residual compressive stress mechanism was analyzed through the residual stress distribution in the parts.(2)Optimization design of deep hole scraping and hobbing tool structure.First of all,by summarizing the existing problems in the process of deep hole scraping and hobbing tool,the shortcomings of existing tools are analyzed.Then,combined with the technical requirements of deep hole scraping and rolling tool structure characteristics,the overall structure of deep hole scraping and rolling tool is optimized.The tool will be deep hole boring,deep hole hinging and deep hole rolling and other multi-channel process into a process,and in the processing process to achieve high precision size and shape control,a feed to complete the finishing parts and surface strengthening.(3)Statics simulation and dynamic simulation of cutting process were carried out for the designed tool structure.Firstly,in order to verify the stability of the designed deep hole scraping and hobbing tool,the finite element modal analysis of the tool structure was carried out using ABAQUS finite element simulation software.The failure forms of tool under different states are analyzed,and the measures to improve tool stability and prolong tool life are put forward.Then,the dynamic simulation of cutting process is carried out by using finite element software,and the influence law of deep hole scraping and rolling process parameters on the surface stress distribution of deep hole workpiece is analyzed.According to the simulation results,the process parameter domain of machining test is further determined.(4)The typical deep hole parts made of 45 steel were studied experimentally.Taking the typical deep hole parts of 45 steel as the verification object,the orthogonal test of deep hole scraping and rolling was carried out,and the influence law of deep hole scraping and rolling process parameters on chip shape,tool wear,workpiece surface quality and the straightness of the workpiece hole was analyzed.The test results verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the tool.