Research On Preparation And Properties Of Antibacterial And Antifouling Coating Based On Hydroquinone Acrylamide Monomer

Marine biofouling adhered to the surface of underwater equipment causes serious harm to the marine industry,such as increasing ship navigation resistance,increasing energy consumption and ship corrosion.In view of this,the development of efficient and environmentally friendly marine antifouling coating has important economic and strategic significance.Low surface energy coatings and Tin-free self-polishing coatings are the most widely used environmentally friendly antifouling coatings,but their mechanical properties and static antifouling properties are poor,and the fouling desorption performance depends on strong water erosion.Polyurethane resin is a kind of resin material with good flexibility,wear resistance and antiaging performance.The resin contains a large number of urethane bonds and urea bonds,and these bonds contain more proton donors and acceptors that can form hydrogen bonds.The presence of hydrogen bonds improved the adhesion and chemical stability of the resin,but it does not have antifouling ability.Herein we selected polyurethane elastomer as the matrix resin,the synthesized dihydroxy-terminated capsaicin derivative polyol with antifouling function was introduced into it.Construction of antifouling group surface enrichment polyurethane antifouling system.The antibacterial and antifouling performances were studied.The capsaicin structural monomer was synthesized in one step by Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction.Hydroquinone and N-methylol acrylamide(mole ratio of 1:3)as raw materials,in sulfuric acid/ethanol catalytic system,PHABA was perpared under 35 ℃ for 8 days.The disubstituted structure of product was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR)and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra(NMR).PPHABA spheres with the particle size of about 1.1 μm were prepared by precipitation polymerization using anhydrous ethanol as the reaction solvent,azobisisobutyronitrile(AIBN)as the initiator at 70 ℃ for 8 h.The characteristic peaks of carbon-carbon double bonds in the polymer were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR),and the polymerization method was determined to be C=C opening polymerization into alkyl chains.The thermal stability of PPHABA below 200 ℃was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis.Antimicrobial tests proved that PHABA and selfpolymer had broad-spectrum antimicrobial perfoemance.The antibacterial ability of PPHABA was better than that of PHABA monomer.The antibacterial rate of PPHABA at 0.4 mg/m L against E.coli is 94.8%,and that at 0.8 mg/m L against S.aureus is 91.7%.Based on the polymerizable double bond structure of PHABA,hydrophilic segment acrylamide containing hydroxyl-terminated functional groups(OH-PHABA-OH)was synthesized by grafting polymerization.A non-releasing,surface self-enriched capsaicin derivative polyurethane antifouling coating(PUP-x%)was prepared by introducing OHPHABA-OH and isocyanate into polyurethane matrix by chemical crosslinking method.The synthesis of hydroxyl-terminated capsaicin derivative OH-PHABA-OH was proved by FTIR and gel permeation chromatography(GPC)analysis.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and FTIR showed that the polar groups of capsaicin derivatives migrated to the coating surface.With the increase of time and PHABA solid content,the surface enrichment increases at a PHABA content of 25% after 7 days of curing,changing from a single phase zone to a continuous phase zone.By adjusting the content of AIBN and PHABA to optimize the preparation process,different PHABA solid content modified polyurethane antifouling coatings were synthesized.Mechanical tests showed that PUP-25% has the best mechanical properties,the elongation at break reached 415%,the tensile strength reached 23.5 MPa,and the maximum Shore hardness of PUP-30% reached 68 A.After 300 wear cycles,PUP-30% was still hydrophilic and the Contact Angle reached 60.9°.The chemical corrosion resistance experiment showed that there was no obvious damage and shedding on the surface of the sample after immersing in acid,alkali and salt solution.The tensile strength and hardness of the coating were reduced,but the tensile strength still reached more than 10 MPa.The antifouling test showed that the coating inhibited more than 90% of the adhesion of bacteria and diatoms.The analysis of the antifouling mechanism of the material proved that the constructed synergistic antifouling mechanism gave the coating a good long-term static antifouling ability.