Research On The Influence And Countermeasures Of Carbon Tariff On China’s Export Trade Of Mechanical And Electrical Products

Climate change has been a heated topic for a long time,Although the world’s major countries reached a relatively comprehensive and balanced Paris Agreement in 2015,the game on climate and environmental development space in all countries,especially developed countries,has intensified.The United States and European Union take the advanced countries as the leader,depending on technology superiority,and do not think about other nations’ development,and propose carbon tariffs on imported products,especially high-carbon emission products from developing countries,China,as a large developing country,is currently the world’s largest carbon emitting country,due to the urgent industrialization and urbanization tasks,the future still needs to maintain medium-high economic growth,which is bound to lead to China in the short term can not solve the problem of high carbon emissions in manufacturing.Mechanical and electrical products are classified as a kind of production,and its export market is focused on European and United States.In view of this,this paper divides exports into 17 sectors according to customs HS codes based on China’s input-output table.Firstly,the embodied carbon emissions of the export of mechanical and electrical products are calculated by using the input-output model.Secondly,GTAP model was applied to simulate the effect of United States,European and other advanced nations on Chinese machinery and electronics export under different scenarios,and the impact research in this paper mainly focuses on six indicators: export cost,export profit,export volume,market price,social welfare level.The study shows that if United States,European and other advanced countries apply carbon tariffs,it will cause Chinese machinery and electronic goods to be more expensive,a decrease in export profits,export volumes,and market prices,a decrease in the level of social welfare.Based on the above research,this paper finally puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from the perspectives of government,industry and enterprises to cope with the impact of carbon tariffs that may be faced at that time.For example,the macro government level should make full use of WTO trade measures to safeguard its own interests,vigorously promote domestic low-carbon emission reduction,and effectively transform the economic economy and foreign trade growth mode;At the meso industry level,the development of the mechanical and electrical industry can be supported by the establishment of a national mechanical and electrical industry association fund;At the micro enterprise level,it is necessary to accelerate the pace of energy conservation and efficiency improvement of mechanical and electrical products,and increase investment in product research and development.