Analysis Of Energy Consumption Factors And Countermeasures For Small And Medium-sized Wastewater Treatment Plants

Due to the continuous increase in global population and the rapid development of cities and industries,the world is facing problems of water shortage and severe water pollution,greatly affecting social development.The emergence of sewage plants effectively alleviates pollution and resource shortages.Although sewage treatment can achieve good social,economic,and environmental benefits,the construction and operation of sewage plants not only require a large amount of energy consumption,but also require a large amount of financial support.Especially in the operation of sewage plants,excessive energy consumption leads to high costs,and many sewage plants cannot make ends meet,which has become an obstacle to the development of the industry.As a resource scarce country,especially with regards to electricity resources,there is a serious imbalance between supply and demand.In order to alleviate the current shortage of resources,China needs to strengthen energy consumption management during the operation phase of water plants to achieve the goal of conservation.Through investigation,China has always prioritized the early design and drainage standards for sewage treatment plant management.Although the operational energy consumption and cost of sewage treatment plants have also attracted the attention of many scholars,there is still a lot of room for research on the influencing factors of energy consumption and measures to reduce energy consumption.On this basis,this article selects four small and medium-sized wastewater treatment plants,including Anyang Wastewater Treatment Plant,Lingbao Wastewater Treatment Plant,Yinchuan Wastewater Treatment Plant,and Qianjiang Wastewater Treatment Plant,as the research objects to explore the process and equipment operation status of the four wastewater treatment plants,deeply analyze the factors that affect energy consumption,and propose strategies to reduce energy consumption in response to the influencing factors.Strengthen operational management,start with equipment,maintain or improve equipment efficiency,and replace new technologies.Strengthen the improvement and application of automatic control systems in water plants.Firstly,by conducting research on the basic overview,operational data,and cost composition of four sewage plants,qualitative and quantitative analysis of the energy consumption characteristics of sewage plants is conducted to identify the influencing factors of energy consumption.All four sewage plants adopt AAO process,and the treatment process flow and electrical equipment included in each process section are different according to the characteristics of each water plant.Based on the analysis of the treated water volume and quality,it was found that the unit energy consumption decreased with the increase of the treated water volume in three water plants with domestic sewage as the influent;The treatment load rate of a water plant with industrial wastewater in the inflow is within a certain range,and the change in treatment water volume is directly proportional to the change in energy consumption.On the contrary,it becomes inversely proportional.It was found that the water volume is influenced by the regulation of the pipeline network and the environment.The main energy consumption units of sewage treatment plants are biochemical treatment and advanced treatment units,and the main energy consumption equipment is pumps and fans.Secondly,based on the principle of operability,13 influencing factors were selected from the identified influencing factors in case studies and literature reviews.The explanatory structural model method was used to analyze the correlation between the factors,establish a framework and hierarchical structure of the influencing factors of energy consumption in sewage plants,and systematically analyze the direct,indirect,and deep-seated factors that affect energy consumption during the operation stage of sewage plants,The direct factors that affect the energy consumption of sewage plant operation are discharge water quality,equipment efficiency,equipment operating load rate,and sludge treatment capacity.The fundamental factors are pipe network regulation and environmental temperature.Finally,countermeasures to reduce energy consumption are proposed from the perspectives of technology and management,which mainly include technological transformation of the process flow,adjustment of working conditions,structural renovation,and equipment updates.Management mainly involves the management of operating personnel,improvement of equipment management mechanisms,digital management,and establishment of performance evaluation systems.