Research On Plant Restoration Technology And Its Ecological Benefit Analysis

Since the reform and opening up,the social economy has been developing rapidly in China,with increasing the demand for mineral resources.At the same time,it also brought numerous ecological and environmental problems,endangering the physical health of the people.In recent years,the ecological and environmental issues in tailings disposal areas have received widespread attention.This thesis took Chengchao Iron Mine in Hubei Province as the research object,figuring out a reasonable ecological restoration scheme based on the field survey and lab experiment.A comprehensive evaluation of ecological restoration was made including four dimensions:water source protection,water and soil conservation,water quality purification and environmental purification.The aim is to provide some reference for promoting the ecological restoration of mining waste land in other regions.The main contents and results of this research can be divided into the following four parts:（1）Investigation of the environmental pollution situation in the research areas.Five sample plots were selected randomly in the natural recovery area and reclamation area.The indicators of species diversity,relative density index,relative significance index,and relative frequency of occurrence of the two habitats were systematically compared.The results showed that the stability of plant community in the natural recovery area was significantly lower than that in the reclamation area.Ten kinds of plants growing in tailings wasteland were collected,and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to detect the physical and chemical properties of the main body parts of plants and the soil in their habitats,with calculating the heavy metal enrichment coefficient and transformation rate of plants.The results showed that Artemisia argyi,Artemisia wilting and maize can significantly enrich heavy metal elements in soil.These plants have strong transfer ability to heavy metals and can be used as remediation plants for abandoned mining sites.Further comprehensive analysis of the physiological and biochemical indices of these plants showed that maize and Artemisia argyi produced the largest amount of chlorophyll and soluble protein,with maize having the highest SOD and POD activity among all the experimental plants,which could better adapt to the soil of tailings waste land.（2）Screening of remediation plans for tailings waste land.The heavy metal pollution in the tailings disposal area is relatively serious.In order to better and faster carry out ecological restoration,chemical reagents were used to wash the soil in this study.The screening results indicated that EDTA has the best leaching effect.Phytoremediation experiment was simulated in the lab,during which the selected remediation plants Artemisia argyi and maize were planted to detect the growth status of the two plants under different heavy metal concentrations and physiological indicators.The results showed that within a certain range of heavy metal concentrations,maize and Artemisia argyi grew normally,and their defense enzyme activities of SOD and POD were greatly enhanced,which can effectively resist heavy metal stress and can be used to repair soil pollution in abandoned mining areas.（3）Comprehensive ecological benefit evaluation of research area after restoration.This study comprehensively analyzed and evaluated the overall benefit after treating heavy metal pollution in the soil of tailings waste land in four aspects:water source protection,water and soil conservation,water quality purification and environmental purification.The results showed that the ecological benefit after the restoration was1017943.56yuan·a^-1.