Machine Tool Based On The Theory Of The Phyllotaxis Pillar Bionic Optimization Analysis And Research

With the continuous development of modern mechanical manufacturing technology and the change of requirements,mechanical manufacturing is becoming more and more high-speed and precise,which leads to the increasing requirements for machine tools.As one of the most important parts of the machine tool,the column of the machine tool has the main function of connecting the machine tool bed,spindle box and other parts and bearing the gravity of the spindle box and other parts.Therefore,the dynamic and static characteristics of the column of the machine tool directly affect the machining accuracy of the whole machine tool and the performance of the whole machine.However,with the increasing demand,the traditional and conservative empirical design method for machine tool columns often leads to the low material utilization rate,complex and unreasonable structure of the designed columns,so the columns are heavy and have poor performance,resulting in the machine tools being unable to meet the needs of modern machining and the products not being competitive enough.Therefore,it is necessary and necessary for the development of modern machine tools to carry out innovative design and parameter optimization of machine tool columns.Taking the column component of five-axis CNC machine tool as the research object,using the bionic design concept,based on three kinds of leaf-order structures of plants as bionic prototypes,the bionic design theory from leaf-order structure characteristics analysis → column structure mechanical characteristics analysis →column structure optimization is analyzed.The main contents are as follows:(1)According to the structural characteristics of the machine tool column,the 3D model of the column component is established by Solid Works software.The finite element model is established in Ansys Workbench software,and the boundary conditions are given.Through dynamic and static analysis,the total displacementnephogram of the column structure,the Z-direction displacement nephogram of the guide rail surface,the equivalent stress nephogram of the column and the first three-order frequency nephogram of the column are obtained.This paper analyzes the main stress concentration and the largest displacement and deformation area of the column,and thus defines the main factors affecting the mechanical properties of the column.(2)By studying the characteristics of plant leaf order and analyzing three leaf order structures of plants,the mathematical model of leaf order structure was established.Through material mechanics and other related knowledge,the design of trunk and branch in leaf order structure is obtained by calculation and analysis.Based on the principle of similarity,the similarity analysis and comparison between machine tool column and plant leaf order structure are made.According to the similarity analysis results between column and leaf-order structure,the feasibility of bionic column structure with leaf-order structure is verified,and leaf-order structure is a reasonable bionic biological prototype for bionic design of column.(3)The better design methods of the three leaf sequence structures are obtained by calculation.The basic column bionic design model is established.By changing the relevant parameters in the basic model,the influence rule of the change of relevant parameters on the static performance of the basic column bionic design model is obtained.The bionic design of the column structure is carried out according to the rule,and the dynamic and static performance of the three bionic column structures and the bionic column structure is obtained.When the structure quality is close to the same,with the dynamic and static performance of the column structure as the main comparison parameter,through the analysis and comparison of the three kinds of bionic structure column and the original column structure,the opposite structure is the most reasonable.(4)Based on the opposite bionic column structure of the column,the main parameters of the internal structure of the column of the machine tool are taken as inpu variables,and the parameter optimization with the minimum static displacement response and structural mass as the main objectives is carried out.The target-driven optimization technology is used to solve the multi-objective optimization problem,and the optimal size parameters of the bionic structure are obtained.It provides a theoretical basis for the bionic structure design and optimization of machine tool support components.