The Resilience Evaluation Of Social License To Operate(SLO) Toward NIMBY Infrastructure

China’s urbanization process is deeply influenced by the construction and operation of NIMBY(Not in My Backyard)infrastructure,which is not only related to the construction of ecological civilization,green development and people’s welfare,but also contributes to achieving high-quality development in China.The construction of NIMBY infrastructure benefits the whole society,and that is indispensable.However,the benefits are shared by the whole society and the potential economic and environmental risks are borne by the local residents,which is a non-reciprocal characteristic and has met with frequent opposition from the neighboring residents.To prevent risks and mitigate NIMBY effects,the academic community focuses on studying the social acceptance of such facilities,among which “Social License to Operate(SLO)” serves as an emerging research paradigm that can be used to reflect the complex attitudes and behaviors of the public towards NIMBY infrastructure.However,SLO has the characteristics of nonlinearity and dynamism,and even if it obtains support from local residents in the early stages,it may be disturbed by risk events in the later stages,leading to the collapse of SLO.Therefore,it is crucial to develop a theoretical framework for the resilience of SLO and construct a resilience evaluation model for SLO under the social concept of coconstruction,co-governance and sharing.The concept of resilience was introduced into the research paradigm of SLO by the present study,which expanded the application area of resilience by combining existing research,based on China’s current NIMBY dilemma.Firstly,the origin and development of SLO influencing factors and resilience concept were sorted out,and the theoretical foundations of complex adaptive system,adaptive cycle,stakeholders and other theories were clarified,along with their guiding significance for this study.A theoretical framework of SLO resilience of NIMBY infrastructure was constructed based on this,and its complex system elements and components were analyzed to define the concept of SLO resilience and clarify its characteristics and action processes.From the perspective of SLO resilience system composition,the initial list of indicators for SLO resilience evaluation of NIMBY infrastructure was formed using systematic literature review method and expert survey method.Each subsystem indicator was hierarchically classified using principal component analysis,and the weights of each indicator were calculated according to the factor load matrix to obtain the importance of each indicator.A twodimensional cloud model was introduced to construct the SLO resilience evaluation model of NIMBY infrastructure.Using this model,the SLO resilience of Quzhou Guangda waste-to-energy plant was evaluated,and the action process of each subsystem and the overall resilience level were calculated.Finally,the key obstacle factors limiting the SLO resilience of the project were diagnosed using the obstacle degree model,and a generalized improvement strategy for the SLO resilience of NIMBY infrastructure from the resilience action stage was proposed based on the analysis results.Research results show that the SLO resilience complex system of NIMBY infrastructure can be divided into government subsystem,community subsystem,and enterprise subsystem based on its main stakeholders.The indicator system of each subsystem can be divided into three dimensions: resistance,recovery,and adaptability.The SLO resilience evaluation of Quzhou Guangda project finds that the community subsystem is at a moderate resilience level,while the government and enterprise subsystems are at a lower resilience level.The main factors limiting the resilience of the project are age structure,long-term monitoring,and information disclosure indicators.This study fills the gap in the research related to the SLO resilience of NIMBY infrastructure,enriches the field application of resilience research,and has important theoretical and practical significance for helping the sustainable development of NIMBY infrastructure in China and realizing a beautiful China where people and nature coexist harmoniously.