Study On Land Use Simulation And Optimization Of Tourism Destinations Under Multiple Scenarios Based On Ecosystem Service Function

The optimisation of land use patterns is one of the important elements of the spatial planning and management of tourism destinations.The harmonious development of tourism planning and development and the ecosystem is an important basis for building a harmonious society,and is of great significance in promoting the high-quality development and sustainable development of tourism destinations.Dongzhai Harbor Bay is one of the ten most beautiful harbours in Hainan Province and is a tourist destination with rich natural and human landscapes.In the context of the increasing number of eco-tourism enthusiasts and the booming development of study tours,the issue of the synergistic development of community development and ecological protection in Dongzhai Harbour Bay needs to be addressed urgently.Based on the logical framework of "identifying change processes-constructing assessment and prediction models-simulating-comparing and evaluating",the paper first analyses the spatial and temporal transformation of each land use type and ecosystem services with the help of Arcgis technology.The paper then establishes a predictive simulation model for land use in Dongzhaigang Bay to simulate the changes in land use and its corresponding ecosystem services from 2018 to 2035 under five development scenarios,and proposes land use optimisation solutions and countermeasures through comparative evaluation.The following conclusions are drawn from the study:(1)Between 1990 and 2018,the largest overall changes in Dongzhaigang Bay were in the areas of construction land and watershed,which expanded by 179% and 59%respectively,while the areas of all other land types decreased,with grassland,forest land and arable land decreasing by 17%,9% and 5% respectively.The Pearl River Basin has the most frequent transitions between construction land,forest land and cropland,of which the area of cropland continues to decrease,while construction land expands linearly with the north of the Pearl River as the centre,and the area continues to increase;the area of watershed expands significantly,with a significant overall increase,and grassland is concentrated in the northern and southeastern corner of the Pearl River,and the area continues to decrease.The rate of growth of built-up land and watershed area has increased over time,while the area of woodland has declined rapidly in all periods,with a marked increase in the rate of decline from 2010-2018,consistent with the growth rate of tourism development in the Dongzhaigang Bay area after 2010 and the acceleration of urbanisation.(2)The water quality and habitat quality of Zhuxi River Basin in Dongzhai Bay area decreased year by year,while the water yield increased year by year in 29 years;The ecosystem service function of Yanzhou River decreased first and then increased.The habitat quality function of Yanfeng River continued to decline,while water purification and water production increased slowly.In terms of spatial distribution,water purification and habitat quality were lower in the northern part of Zhuxi River,the northern part of Yanzhou River and the western part of Yanfeng River,and higher in the southern part.Water yield was higher in the northern part of Zhuxi River,but lower in the southern coastal and central plain.(3)During the period 2018-2035,the conversion of cropland and built-up land to forest land is the main type of land use that will improve ecosystem service functions in the future,and the conversion of forest land to built-up land is the main type of land use that will result in the degradation of ecosystem service functions.The dominant factors for the change in ecosystem service function are basically the same for different scenarios,but each has its own strengths and weaknesses.In the simulation of land use optimisation in the Dongzhaigang Bay area,it was found that the future tourism industry in Zhuxi River could be a vigorous development industry in the area,subject to the development of scenic spots,the construction of tourism facilities and under the role of tourism urbanisation,resulting in a large amount of arable land,forest land and other types of land being converted to construction land.In the future,the ecological protection red line within 200 metres of the land area of the coastal zone should be strictly controlled,and the relationship between construction land and The distance between the boundary of "watershed-estuary-bay" should be controlled,and different vegetation buffer zones should be set up according to the upstream and downstream;the future tourism development of the Yanzhou River will be smoothly expanded,and the main driving force for land use changes will be the construction activities of cities and villages and the structural adjustment of forestry land,so the focus should be on strengthening the management around the Dongzhaigang Nature Reserve,and the The future tourism activities of the Yanfeng River are single,the development and construction intensity is low,and the land use changes are mainly around the original construction land to expand the scope,the distribution pattern and ratio of construction land should be strictly controlled,the development red line of construction land should be formulated to avoid over-development,and Strengthen the protection of forest land and strictly control the conversion of forest land.