Research On Mixed Recycling Modes Selection Of A Closed-loop Supply Chain Under Carbon Trading Mechanism

In recent years,global warming has posed a serious threat to human survival and the ecological environment,and the issue of carbon emission reduction has gradually become a hot topic of international attention.Closed loop supply chain is a new type of green production method,which can not only reduce costs and energy consumption,but also reduce carbon emission to achieve green production.In a closed-loop supply chain,recycling and remanufacturing,as an important step in the production process,is a key link in reducing carbon emission.And different recycling modes in recycling and remanufacturing have certain differences in reducing carbon emission.Choosing an appropriate recycling mode to achieve higher profits with lower carbon emission will be the direction that enterprises continue to explore.On the other hand,in order to encourage enterprises to reduce carbon emission by participating in recycling and remanufacturing,the government has proposed the "trade-old-for-remanufactured" subsidy to stimulate enterprises to increase recycling efforts,thereby effectively reducing carbon emission and forming good ecological benefits.This paper constructs closed-loop supply chain mixed recycling models led by a manufacturer and followed by a retailer and a third-party recycler,and combines the "trade-old-for-remanufactured" subsidy,the consumer preference,the carbon emission reduction investment cost and other factors,focusing on the optimal recycling mode selection of closed-loop supply chain under the carbon trading mechanism,the optimal recycling mode selection of closed-loop supply chain with the "trade-old-for-remanufactured" subsidy and the comparative analysis of mixed recycling modes without government subsidy and with the subsidy of "trade-old-for-remanufactured",after considering various factors such as wholesale price,retail price,demand,carbon emission reduction investment costs,etc.,relevant conclusions are drawn.The research finds that:(1)Under the carbon trading mechanism,the optimal mode selection of the manufacturer,the retailer and the third-party recycler is affected by such factors as direct recovery price,indirect recovery price,carbon emission reduction investment cost,etc.When the indirect recycling price is higher than twice the direct recycling price of the retailer,the optimal recycling mode for the manufacturer is the manufacturer-retailer recycling mode;On the contrary,the optimal recycling model for the manufacturer is the manufacturer-third-party recycling model.When the cost coefficient of carbon reduction investment is high,the optimal recycling model for the retailer is the manufacturer-retailer recycling model;When the cost coefficient of carbon reduction investment is low,the optimal recycling model for the retailer is the manufacturer-third-party recycling model.The optimal recycling model choice for the third-party recycler is the manufacturer-third-party recycling model.(2)In the case of the "trade-old-for-remanufactured" subsidy,the manufacturer,the retailer,and the third-party recycler have higher profits than those without the subsidy,and their optimal recycling mode selection is also the same as in the case without the subsidy.This indicates that the "trade-old-for-remanufactured" subsidy can improve the profits of supply chain enterprises but do not affect the selection of recycling modes.In addition,the manufacturer,the retailer,and the third-party recycler all increase with the increase of the recycling subsidy and the remanufacturing subsidy.The government can appropriately increase the subsidy amount to promote the recycling and remanufacturing of waste products,effectively reducing carbon emission,but the subsidy amount should not be too high,otherwise it will affect the enthusiasm of supply chain enterprises to produce new products,causing an imbalance between supply and demand.(3)Carbon emission reduction is influenced by factors such as recycling prices and the subsidy.When the indirect recycling price is higher than twice the direct recycling price of the retailer,the optimal carbon reduction recycling mode is chosen as the manufacturer-retailer recycling mode;On the contrary,the manufacturer-third-party recycling model has the highest unit carbon reduction.The "trade-old-for-remanufactured" subsidy can effectively reduce carbon emission,but it does not affect the optimal recycling mode selection.