Study On The Key Technology And Equipment For The Mechanized Peeling And Separation Of Camellia Oleifera Fruits

Camellia oleifera,a unique woody edible oil tree species in China,is one of the world’s four major woody oil plants,along with olive,oil palm,and coconut.In recent years,with the attention of relevant departments such as the state and province,China’s camellia oleifera planting industry has developed rapidly.To solve the problem of peeling and separating camellia oleifera fruits after picking.This article is based on existing dehulling and separation equipment,with dehulling rate,separation rate,and seed breaking rate as indicators,and focuses on conducting the following research.1.Analysis of physical properties of different varieties of Camellia oleifera fruits and selection of dehulling methods: To select dehulling methods for Camellia oleifera,separation methods,and design the dimensions of the main components of the equipment.A systematic study was conducted on the water content,fruit diameter distribution,and seed diameter distribution of the main varieties of Camellia oleifera in Zhejiang Province.The results showed that there were significant differences in the moisture content of different varieties of Camellia oleifera fruits and seeds.The moisture content of Camellia oleifera fruits and seeds ranged from 66% to 78%,and the moisture content of Camellia oleifera seeds was mainly distributed between 34% to 55%;The fruit diameter of Camellia oleifera is mainly distributed between 19 mm and 43 mm,with a distribution frequency accounting for 90.03% of the total.The seed diameter of most varieties of Camellia oleifera ranges from 6 mm to 24 mm,accounting for 99.65% of the total.2.Research and equipment development of mechanized post ripening pretreatment technology for fresh Camellia oleifera fruits: In order to improve the dehulling rate,separation rate,and oil content of Camellia oleifera fruits,post ripening pretreatment experiments were conducted,and the optimal post ripening pretreatment process for Camellia oleifera fruits was obtained by treating at 38 ℃ for 12 hours.Combined with practical production applications,engineering experience and data calculation,a hot air drying method was determined,and a thermal insulation shell,a reduction motor,and a temperature adjustment mechanism were designed Continuous oil tea fresh fruit post-ripening pre-treatment equipment composed of humidity adjustment mechanism and other components.3.Research on mechanised and efficient pulping separation technology and equipment development of camellia oleifera fruit: The pulping and separating principle of camellia fruit and the main structure of the equipment are studied.Combined with the actual processing,the method of rolling and rubbing to remove puff tail and separate puff seed from camellia fruit was determined.Design and simulation assembly of the main parts,design calculation and finite element analysis of the main stress parts,complete the drawing design and prototype trial production.The influence of feed speed on the stripping efficiency of the stripping machine was studied by optimising the process parameters.Effect of feed speed,motor speed and length of processing interval on camellia seed stripping machine.The optimised process parameters are as follows: the feed speed is 2.7 t /h,the input power of the separating motor is 50 Hz(speed is 960 rpm)and the processing length is 3 m.The influence of post-ripening on the processing of camellia fruit was studied.The diameter of the unstripped camellia fruit was measured,and it was concluded that the camellia fruit should be sorted before processing.4.Development of Camellia oleifera fruit sorting equipment: In order to improve the dehulling rate and separation rate of Camellia oleifera fruit processing,combined with the analysis of physical properties of Camellia oleifera fruit and dehulling and separation experiments,a drum type sorting equipment is designed for sorting Camellia oleifera fruit according to the diameter of<25 mm,25mm～40 mm,>40 mm.This equipment mainly uses double-layer drums with different apertures to sort Camellia oleifera fruit.Design and simulate assembly of main components,complete drawing design,and trial produce prototype.5.Verification test and production line design of stripping and separation of camellia fruit: The stripping and separation of camellia fruit after sorting and post-ripening are carried out.At this time,stripping rate,separation rate and breakage rate of camellia fruit are 96.81%,99.50% and 5.00%,respectively.Integrate the equipment to design and assemble the production line.The production line meets the actual production demand and provides theoretical basis and equipment support for processing and supporting technology research of camellia fruit.