Research On The Impact Of Carbon Tax Rebate Policy On China’s Energy-Economy-Environment Based On Financial CGE Model

At present,the problem of climate change caused by carbon emissions has become a global issue,and China,as one of the major carbon dioxide emitters,should pay more attention to the seriousness of carbon emissions.At the 20 th CPC National Congress,China made a new strategic deployment to achieve the goal of "double carbon",pointing out that we should actively and steadily promote carbon peak and carbon neutralization,focus on controlling fossil energy consumption,and promote clean,low-carbon and efficient use of energy.The carbon tax policy can not only be used as an effective means to regulate carbon emissions at home and abroad,but also have a substantial impact on the realization of China’s "double carbon" goal and economic development.Although the design of the differentiated carbon tax system can achieve the goal of carbon emission reduction,its impact on the economic quality is different.Therefore,this paper studies the impact of the differentiated carbon tax return policy on China’s energy conservation,emission reduction and economic development,providing reference for China’s implementation of the carbon tax policy.This paper first combs the research results of the carbon tax return policy,the energy-economic-environment CGE model and the financial CGE model,introduces the definition of carbon tax and the relevant theories involved in the CGE model,and studies the energy structure and carbon emission status in China.Secondly,based on the input-output table in 2020 and other data,the financial social accounting matrix is prepared,and a dynamic financial computable general equilibrium model is constructed to simulate the impact of different carbon tax return methods on China’s carbon dioxide emissions,macroeconomic,residents’ welfare and sector output.The results show that the carbon tax rebate policy can alleviate the losses caused by the carbon tax on most industries.Although it will also increase the overall energy consumption and weaken the effect of carbon emission reduction to a certain extent,it can ultimately alleviate the negative impact of the carbon tax on China’s economic production and weaken the impact of the carbon tax on imports and exports.The research results also show that different return methods will lead to different impacts on residents’ welfare and price level.In the short term,returning carbon tax to enterprises will increase the loss of residents’ welfare,and returning carbon tax in the form of income tax reduction will have the greatest negative impact on residents’ welfare;At the same time,the restraining effect of carbon tax rebate on the price level was further strengthened.In the long run,the carbon tax return policy can alleviate the negative impact of carbon tax collection on the welfare of residents,and the carbon tax return to enterprises in the form of income tax reduction can improve the welfare benefits of residents,and the carbon tax return policy can alleviate the restraining effect of carbon tax collection on prices.