| Objective:To investigate the current situation of expected sadness,coping style and self transcendence of the main caregivers of cancer patients,analyze the correlation between expected sadness,coping style and self transcendence,clarify the influencing factors of self transcendence,explore the impact of expected sadness and coping style on self transcendence,formulate targeted intervention measures for clinical nurses,improve the self transcendence level of the main caregivers,and ensure their physical and mental health,So as to provide information for improving the quality of care.Methods:This study is a cross-sectional study in descriptive research.Using the convenient sampling method,354 cancer patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected from a class III class a general hospital in Jilin Province from January to September 2021.The main caregivers and patients were investigated by questionnaire.The survey used general information questionnaire,expected sadness scale,simple coping style questionnaire and Chinese version of self transcendence scale.Using Spss26.0 statistical software package,using frequency,percentage,mean and standard deviation,t-test,one-way ANOVA,Pearson cor relation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis for statistical analysis.The difference is statistically significant with P<0.05.Result:(1)The expected sadness score of the main caregivers of cancer patients was 78.42±12.63(37~117),among which the dimension score was the highest.The scores of anticipatory sadness were different in gender,age,working status,length of care,relationship with patients,personality,family history of cancer,death experience of immediate family members and intimacy with patients;There were significant differences in patients’ gender,educational level,working status,family percapita monthly income,course of disease,disease stage and treatment mode(P<0.05).(2)Among the coping styles of the main caregivers of cancer patients,the score of positive coping style was 27.13±3.92(17~34),and the score of negative coping style was 10.96±2.04(6~16).The positive coping styles were different in the age,educational level,working status,length of care,relationship with patient s,personality,family history of cancer,death experience of immediate family members and intimacy with patients;There were significant differences in gender,age,education level,disease stage and treatment mode(P<0.05).The negative coping styles were different in the gender,age,education level,family per capita monthly income,relationship with patients,personality,death experience of immediate family members and intimacy with patients of the main caregivers;There were significant differences in patients’ gender,age,working status,family per capita monthly income and disease stage(P<0.05).(3)The self transcendence score of the main caregivers of cancer patients was41.66±4.38(32~57).The scores of self transcendence were in different ages,educational levels,chronic diseases,personality,family history of cancer,death experience of immediate family members and intimacy with patients;There were significant differences in patients’ gender,age,working status,family per capita monthly income,medical payment mode,disease stage and treatment mode(P<0.05).(4)The expected sadness of the main caregivers of cancer patients was negatively correlated with self transcendence(r=-0.598,P<0.01),negatively correlated with positive coping style(r=-0.651,P<0.01),and positively correlated with nega tive coping style(r=0.547,P<0.01).Positive coping style was positively correlate d with self transcendence(r=0.646,P<0.01),and negative coping style was negatively correlated with self transcendence(r=-0.566,P<0.01).(5)The influencing factors of expected sadness of the main caregivers of cancer patients were age,chronic diseases,personality,death experience of immediate family members,treatment methods,expected sadness,positive coping style and negative coping style.Multiple hierarchical regression showed that after controlling the general demographic characteristics,the explanatory power of expected sadness on self transcendence increased by 10.4%,while coping style increased by9.3%.All variables explained 56.8% of the total variation.Conclusion:(1)The main caregivers of cancer patients have a high level of expected sadness,which needs to be improved.The main caregivers were female,aged≥56,retired,care time<1 month,spouse/children/parents of the patient,introverted,family history of cancer,death experience of immediate family members,and intimacy with the patient>9 points;The main caregivers of patients who are male,educated in high school or technical secondary school,retired,low family per capita monthly income,short course of disease,advanced disease stage and conservative treatment have a higher level of expected sadness.(2)The main caregivers of cancer patients tend to adopt a positive coping style.The main caregivers were aged<55,college degree or above,on-the-job,leaving or unemployed,care time>6 months,other relationship with patients,extroverted p ersonality,no family history of cancer,no death experience of immediate family members,and intimacy with patients>8points;The patients were male,aged≤45,college or above,and the main caregivers with early disease stage had a high level of positive coping style.The main caregivers are female,>55years old,under senior high school or technical secondary school,retired,family per capita monthly income≤4000 yuan,the patient’s spouse/children/parents/siblings,introverted,death experience of immediate family members,intimacy with the patient≤9points;The patients were≥76 years old,non working,family per capita monthly income≤2000 yuan,and the level of negative coping style of main caregivers with middle and late disease stage was higher.(3)The self transcendence level of the main caregivers of cancer patients is at a medium level and needs to be improved.The main caregivers were<35 ye ars old,college or above,no chronic diseases,extroverted personality,no family history of cancer,no death experience of immediate family members and high degree of intimacy with patients;The average income of non urban and rural residents with medical insurance and self-care is less than or equal to 2000 yuan,and the average income of non urban and rural residents with medical insurance and self-care is less than or equal to 46 yuan.(4)The higher the level of expected sadness,the lower the level of self tra nscendence and positive coping style,and the higher the level of negative coping style.The higher the level of positive coping style,the higher the level of self transcendence,while the higher the level of negative coping style,the lower the level of self transcendence.(5)The influencing factors of self transcendence of the main caregivers of cancer patients are the age of the main caregivers,chronic diseases,introverted per sonality,death experience of immediate family members,disease stage,expected sa dness,negative coping style and positive coping style.Among them,expected sadness has the greatest impact.The higher the level of expected sadness,the lower the level of self transcendence. |
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