Study On Professional Identity And Its Influencing Factors Of Nursing Students In Private Colleges And Universities In Jiangxi Province

Objective: To master the current situation of professional identity of nursing students in private colleges and universities in Jiangxi,analyze the factors affecting professional identity of nursing students in private colleges and universities in Jiangxi,and explore the effect of cognitive intervention on professional identity of nursing students,so as to provide a scientific basis for Jiangxi colleges and universities to develop promotion strategies for professional identity of nursing students,and also provide support for relevant colleges and universities to carry out personalized intervention on professional identity of nursing students.Methods: By cluster sampling,550 nursing students who have been in clinical practice for 5 months in two private colleges and universities in Jiangxi were selected for investigation on their current professional identity,professional self-efficacy,stress,coping and social support.A total of 80 nursing students whose professional identity score ranked the last 15% were divided into control group and intervention group according to odd and even numbers of the scoring sequence number.The control group was subjected to routine practice training and education,while the intervention group received cognitive intervention.The factors affecting the professional identity of nursing students and intervention effect were analyzed using the t test,F test and multivariate linear regression.Results:(1)Professional identity of subjects: Among the 550 nursing students in this investigation,there were 8.36% males vs.91.64% females,21.64% only child vs.78.36% non-only child,and 55.64% rural residence registration vs.44.36% urban residence registration.The average total score of professional identity was 57.61 ±10.45.Among them,the scores of professional self-concept,retention benefits and turnover risks,social comparison and self-reflection,autonomy of career choice and social persuasion were 21.35 ± 3.24,12.74 ± 2.28,10.53 ± 2.06,6.42 ± 1.12 and 6.57± 1.75,respectively.The professional identity score(59.83 ± 14.82)of males was not different from that of females(P > 0.05).Professional identity showed no differences in different ages,(non-)only child,different places of residence(P > 0.05).The professional identity score of nursing students with extroverted personality(63.79 ±11.55)was higher than that of those with moderate personality(60.32 ± 11.38)and introverted personality(59.48 ± 11.56)(P < 0.05).(2)Correlation between self-efficacy and professional identity.The total score of professional self-efficacy of nursing students in colleges and universities was 98.18± 13.89.The score of professional attitude and belief,problem-solving ability,collecting professional information,professional cognition,professional value and career choice were 29.15 ± 3.42,21.85 ± 2.87,17.22 ± 2.75,10.39 ± 2.28,10.35 ±2.15 and 6.86 ± 1.41,respectively.There were positive correlations between the total score of self-efficacy and professional identity and all dimensions(P < 0.01).(3)Correlations of stress,coping and social support with professional identity.The average total score of stress in the nursing students was 69.83 ± 2.71.The stress score was not correlated with professional identity(P > 0.05).Active coping was positively correlated with professional identity(P < 0.05),while inactive coping was not correlated with professional identity(P > 0.05).Social support and professional identity showed a positive correlation(P < 0.05).(4)Factors influencing professional identity.Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that compared with the “self-preferred” group(choosing major),“influenced by others” group(β =-1.854,P = 0.036)and “adjusted” group(β=-3.036,P = 0.021)were risk factors of professional identity.Extroverted personality vs.introverted personality(β = 0.241,P = 0.019),high active coping score(β = 0.245,P = 0.031)and high self-efficacy score(β = 0.482,P = 0.001)were protective factors of professional identity.Different attitude towards employment prospects also had an impact on professional identity(P < 0.05).(5)Effect of cognitive intervention.Before intervention,the professional identity score in the intervention group(37.26 ± 5.24)presented no difference from that in the control group(37.25 ± 5.28,P > 0.05).After intervention,the total score of professional identity and the scores of professional self-concept,retention benefits and turnover risks,social comparison and self-reflection,autonomy of career choice and social persuasion in the intervention group were all higher than those in the control group(all P < 0.05).Conclusion: The professional identity of nursing students in private colleges and universities in Jiangxi is at a medium and low level.Causes for choosing majors,personality,attitudes toward employment prospects,professional self-efficacy,pressure and active coping influence the professional identity of nursing students in private colleges and universities in Jiangxi at different degrees.Cognitive intervention has an obvious effect in improving the professional identity of nursing students in private colleges and universities in Jiangxi.For the influencing factors relevant to professional identity,actively carrying out professional identity intervention has certain practical significance for the training of nursing students in private colleges and universities.