| Objective:To explore the effect and possible mechanism of finger drill on drivers’ simulated driving fatigue.Methods:Study 1: The literature analysis of hand jing-well acupoints intervention on fatigue related symptomsBased on the software system of Chinese Medical Canon(5th edition)published by Hunan Electronic Audio & Video Publishing House[12],China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,VIP,China Biomedicine Database and Pubmed,Cochrane Library,Embase and Medline were used as search sources.Chinese retrieval keywords are as follows: "jingxue" "jing" "zhuajia" jiagen "jiajiao" and six hands jing-well acupoints name is "shaoshang" "shangyang" "zhongchong" guanchong "shaochong" "shaoze".The English search keywords were "Jing Point","Jing-well Point",and the pinyin and international codes of the names of each well "LU11","LI1","HT9","SI1","PC9" and "TE1".According to the classification of acupoints,symptoms,stimulation modes and detailed sources,the efficacy of hand well points in the treatment of fatigue related diseases was systematically sorted out,and the frequency map was made to analyze the understanding of the role of well points in ancient Chinese medicine and modern medicine.Study 2: Evaluation of the effect of Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises on virtual driver fatigueAll 32 subjects were randomly divided into experimental(Jing-Well points Exercises)group and control(rest)group.The interval between the two groups was more than 14 days(including 14 days).The experimental procedure was as follows: After lunch break on the experimental day,Drivers first got familiar with the experimental equipment such as driving simulation and visual detection system,and then started the experiment by wearing heart rate and blood oxygen measurement equipment.Firstly,Drivers conducted sleepiness evaluation and vigilance test,and then Drivers kept driving 90-120 yards on the right side of the road for 30 minutes and stopped driving.Drowsiness degree evaluation and vigilance test again,after clerk,to judge whether or not to continue driving,according to the experiment after fatigue condition,intervention to sleep again after evaluation and vigilance test,after 30 min driving to sleep again after evaluation and vigilance test,according to the experimental clerk,judge whether end the experiment.After the test,the simulated driving and real driving related evaluation scales were filled in.Study 3:Research on the mechanism of Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises on virtual driver fatigue state: With the Study 2Results:Study 1: The literature analysis of hand jing-well acupoints intervention on fatigue related symptomsAccording to the search terms,15,546 ancient articles and nearly 50,000 modern articles were retrieved.After preliminary screening,746 ancient articles and 1356 documents were obtained.After carefully comparing the inclusion and exclusion criteria,323 relevant articles,263 Chinese papers and 5 English papers were finally included.The main symptoms related to fatigue in the treatment of well points of hands in ancient provisions are:1.Recuperate emotion 3.Calm 4.Calm wind 5.Soothe the nerves.The relevant intervention measures mainly include:1.Acupuncture method 2.Pricking collateral and letting blood out method 3.Modern literature mainly includes the relevant theoretical research of "finger(jing-well)-brain(heart)",the hand can affect the whole body(stimulating local area-affecting the whole body),jingwell points for first aid,well point enlightening the mind and so on.Study 2: Evaluation of the effect of Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises on virtual driver fatigueThe average age of the 32 subjects was 24.42±1.77 years old,the minimum was 22 years old,the maximum was 28 years old,the average height was 173.74±5.26 cm,the lowest was 168.00 cm,the highest was 189.00 cm,the average weight was 68.74±7.39 kg,the lightest was 58.0kg,the highest was 80.0kg.KSS subjective score of fatigue degreeThe experimental group: The KSS score of the driver was 3.52±1.36 points before driving, and the KSS score of the driver in the state of driver fatigue was significantly higher than that before driving(P < 0.001)and 6.36±1.53 points,and it was significantly lower than that in the state of driver fatigue immediately after Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises intervention(P < 0.05)and 5.22±1.53 points.At 30 min after the intervention,the score was 6.26±1.83,which was significantly higher than that immediately after the intervention(P < 0.05).Control group: The KSS score of the drivers before driving was 3.52±0.92 points,and the KSS score of the drivers in the state of driver fatigue was significantly higher than that before driving(P < 0.001),6.21±1.43 points,and 5.22±1.53 points immediately after rest intervention,which had no significant change with the driver fatigue state.There was no significant change between 30 min after rest intervention and immediately after intervention(6.26±1.83).PVT reaction time(ms)The experimental group: The PVT reaction time of the driver before driving was 402.56±57.01 ms,and the PVT reaction time of the driver under the state of driver fatigue was significantly higher than that before driving(P < 0.05),which was 468.63±84.77 ms.Immediately after the intervention,it was significantly lower than that in the driver fatigue state(448.48±88.63 ms,P < 0.05),and significantly higher than that in the driver fatigue state(524.40±193.07 ms,P < 0.05)at 30 min after the intervention.Control group: The PVT reaction time before driving was 443.69±98.18 ms,and the score under the state of driver fatigue was significantly higher than that before driving(P < 0.05),which was 529.44±201.05 ms.Immediately after the rest intervention,the driving fatigue state was significantly increased(P < 0.05)to 547.50±265.20 ms,and there was no significant change between 30 min after the rest intervention and immediately after the intervention(588.47±307.83ms).Study 3: Research on the mechanism of Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises on virtual driver fatigue stateOxygen saturation in the left prefrontal lobeThe experimental group: The blood oxygen saturation of the left prefrontal lobe of the driver was 66.78±5.31% before driving,65.23±4.84% in the state of driving fatigue,66.75±5.75% in the immediate after Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises intervention than in the state of driving fatigue.There was no significant difference between 30 min after the intervention and immediately after the intervention(64.23±6.74%).The results suggest that there is no significant difference in left prefrontal oxygen saturation during driving.Control group: The oxygen saturation of the left prefrontal cortex was 65.78±6.07% before driving,67.01±5.97% under driving fatigue,64.32±6.43% immediately after rest intervention compared with that under driving fatigue.There was no significant difference between 30 min after rest intervention and immediately after intervention(65.21±5.41%).The results suggest that there is no significant difference in left prefrontal oxygen saturation during driving.Oxygen saturation in the right prefrontal lobeThe experimental group: Before driving,the blood oxygen saturation of the right prefrontal lobe of the driver was 67.24±5.87%,66.63±4.83% in the driving fatigue state and 68.47±6.17% in the driver fatigue state immediately after Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises intervention.There was no significant difference between 30 min after intervention and immediately after intervention(67.48±4.79%).The results suggest that there is no significant difference in right prefrontal oxygen saturation during driving.Control group: The oxygen saturation of the right prefrontal lobe of the driver was 68.41±6.85% before driving,67.24±6.03% under driving fatigue,66.67±7.24% immediately after the rest intervention than under driving fatigue.There was no significant difference between 30 min after rest intervention and immediately after intervention(65.13±5.06%).The results suggest that there is no significant difference in right prefrontal oxygen saturation during driving.Hemoglobin concentration in the left prefrontal lobeThe experimental group: The hemoglobin concentration in the right prefrontal lobe of drivers was 1.35±0.33 before driving,1.13±0.46 in the state of driving fatigue and 1.24±0.48 in the state of driving fatigue immediately after Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises intervention.There was no significant difference between 30 min after intervention and immediately after intervention(1.47±0.52).There was no significant difference in the hemoglobin concentration of the right prefrontal lobe during the whole driving process.Control group: The hemoglobin concentration in the right prefrontal lobe of the driver was 1.34±0.41 before driving,1.43±0.48 under the driving fatigue state and 1.48±0.37 under the driving fatigue state immediately after rest intervention.There was no significant difference between 30 min after rest intervention and immediately after intervention(1.52±0.34).There was no significant difference in the hemoglobin concentration of the right prefrontal lobe during the whole driving process.Hemoglobin concentration in the right prefrontal lobeThe experimental group: The hemoglobin concentration in the right prefrontal lobe of the driver was 1.41±0.37 before driving,1.24±0.39 under the condition of driving fatigue and 1.51±0.46 under the condition of driving fatigue immediately after Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises intervention.There was no significant difference between 30 min after intervention and immediately after intervention(1.57±0.49).There was no significant difference in the hemoglobin concentration of the right prefrontal lobe during the whole driving process.Control group: The hemoglobin concentration in the right prefrontal lobe of the driver was 1.39±0.45 before driving,1.46±0.57 after driving in the fatigue state and 1.58±0.32 after the rest intervention compared with that in the fatigue state.There was no significant difference between 30 min after rest intervention and immediately after intervention(1.64±0.37).There was no significant difference in the hemoglobin concentration of the right prefrontal lobe during the whole driving process.LF/HFThe experimental group: The LF/HF of the driver was 73.01±0.58 before driving,significantly increased(P < 0.05)to 5.29±2.16 under the condition of driving fatigue,and significantly decreased(P < 0.05)to 3.98±1.07 immediately after the Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises intervention.There was no significant difference between 30 min after intervention and immediately after intervention(3.28±0.84).It suggested that LF/HF of drivers increased significantly with the increase of fatigue,and decreased significantly after Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises intervention,and the effect lasted to 30 min.Control group: The LF/HF of the driver was 3.19±0.64 before driving,4.97±2.22 under the condition of driving fatigue,and 5.06±2.46 under the condition of driving fatigue.There was no significant difference between 30 min after rest intervention and immediately after intervention(4.38±2.37).It suggests that driver rest has no significant effect on LF/HF.RMSSDThe experimental group: The RMSSD of drivers was 42.67±5.96 ms before driving,38.46±4.67 ms in the state of driving fatigue,and 48.56±5.71 ms in the state of driving fatigue immediately after Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises intervention.There was no significant change of 46.53±6.97 ms at 30 min after the intervention compared with the immediate after the intervention.The results indicated that RMSSD of drivers decreased with the increase of fatigue,but increased significantly after Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises intervention,and its effect could last for 30minControl group: RMSSD was 40.61±6.07 ms before driving,39.46±5.19 ms in the driver fatigue state,and 34.68±7.92 ms in the driver fatigue state immediately after rest intervention.There was no significant difference between 30 min after rest intervention and immediately after intervention(35.48±6.25ms).It indicates that driver rest can significantly reduce RMSSD.Conclusions:1: Both ancient books and modern literature point out that the jing-well acupoints of the hands can affect the human brain to achieve a series of effects such as awakening,calming,first aid and relieving fatigue,and there is a variety of acupoint stimulation methods.In addition to acupuncture,bloodletting,moxibustion,pinching and pressing also have a good effect on waking up and promoting the mind.2: Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises can significantly reduce the driver’s KSS score,PVT reaction time,PERCLOS score,and increase the driver’s steering wheel inversion times,head and visual field response frequency,so as to improve the fatigue state.There is a certain gap between the simulated driving environment and the real driving environment.The acceptance of drivers for the use of Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises to alleviate fatigue state is generally high.3: Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises may activate the prefrontal brain area and increase its oxygen utilization rate;Fingers Jing-Well points Exercises may improve the balance of sympathetic parasympathetic by regulating vagus nerve. |
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