Application Of Teach-back Based On Protection Motivation Theory In Weight Management During Pregnancy

ObjectiveFor pregnant women’s weight management during pregnancy,formulate a feedback health education nursing intervention method based on the theory of protective motivation,and verify the effect of this method on weight management during pregnancy;In order to help pregnant women form a correct understanding and healthy behavior of weight management during pregnancy,and finally provide practical guidance for obtaining the best pregnancy outcome.MethodsThis study is a kind of experimental study.The convenience sampling method is adopted,and the samples from January 2021 to January 2021 are selected according to the inclusion /exclusion criteria 96 pregnant women who were 12 weeks pregnant in March and filed in a tertiary hospital were the subjects of the study.According to the order of prenatal examination,pregnant women were randomly divided into control / intervention group(48 cases in each group).The control group received routine weight management health education during pregnancy,including online and offline health education during perinatal period;The intervention group used the feedback health education based on the theory of protective motivation to intervene in weight management during pregnancy.The main contents of the intervention include: the feedback health education based on the theory of protective motivation,the training of reasonable diet / exercise methods during pregnancy and many other measures.The intervention frequency of 12～28 weeks of pregnancy was once every four weeks,the intervention frequency of 28～36 weeks was once every two weeks,and after 36 weeks,the intervention was once a week,15～30 minutes each time.The total number of interventions was 10～12.The general self-efficacy and weight management strategies during pregnancy were compared between the two groups before intervention and when they were hospitalized for delivery;The pregnancy weight gain,the appropriate rate of pregnancy weight gain,the category of pregnancy weight gain,pregnancy / delivery complications and the incidence of neonatal complications were compared between the two groups.Spss22.0was used to analyze the data.For normal distribution data,mean ± standard deviation((?)±S)is used,two independent sample t test was used for comparison between groups.For non normal distribution,median and quartile spacing are used,the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between groups.The count data is described by the number of cases(%),the analysis uses the chi-square test,and when the theoretical frequency is less than 1,the Fisher exact probability method is used.P<0.05 means the difference is statistically significant.ResultsAfter the intervention,both groups of subjects completed this study.Before the intervention,there was no significant difference between the two groups in general information,pre pregnancy(12 weeks of pregnancy)weight,pre pregnancy(12 weeks of pregnancy)BMI,pre pregnancy(12 weeks of pregnancy)BMI type,general self-efficacy,weight management strategy and its dimensions(all P>0.05),and the baseline was comparable.The results of the investigation after the intervention showed:(1)Weight gain during pregnancy: after intervention,the weight gain during pregnancy and the difference of BMI during pregnancy in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).(2)Category of weight gain during pregnancy: after intervention,the appropriate rate of weight gain during pregnancy in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).(3)General self-efficacy: after intervention,the self-efficacy of the intervention group was better than that of the control group(P<0.05).(4)Pregnancy weight management strategy: after the intervention,the total score and each dimension score of pregnancy weight management strategy in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).(5)Cesarean section rate: after the intervention,the cesarean section rate in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).(6)The incidence of complications during pregnancy and delivery: after intervention,the incidence of complications during pregnancy in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).(7)Incidence of macrosomia: after the intervention,the incidence of macrosomia in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).ConclusionThrough this study,it is concluded that the feedback health education intervention based on the theory of protective motivation can effectively improve the appropriate rate of pregnant women’s weight gain during pregnancy.Compared with routine nursing intervention,the feedback health education intervention based on the theory of protective motivation improved the general self-efficacy of pregnant women,the level of weight management strategy during pregnancy,and reduced the rate of cesarean section,the incidence of complications during pregnancy and the incidence of macrosomia.