Study On Event-related Potential P300 And Cognitive Function In Patients With Different Degrees Of Depression

Objective:To study the characteristics of event-related potential P300 in patients with different degrees of depression,analyze their impaired cognitive function,and explore objective indicators for the diagnosis of patients with different degrees of depression,so as to provide reference for the early diagnosis and treatment of different degrees of depression.Methods:Fifty-five patients with depression who were hospitalized in Dazhuang Hospital of Shandong Province from May 2022 to January 2023 were selected.The patients met the diagnostic criteria of the 10th Edition of the International Classification of Diseases(ICD-10).The patients were divided into group A,group B and group C by Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-17).Group A included 15 patients with mild depression,group B included 19 patients with moderate depression,and group C included 21 patients with severe depression.Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA)and Event related potential-P300(ERP-P300)were evaluated.A control study was conducted with 21 healthy controls in group D(healthy people roughly matched with depression group in age and gender,etc.)to analyze the waveform of ERP-P300 and the characteristics of cognitive impairment in patients with different degrees of depression.Results:1.Variance analysis showed that there was A statistically significant difference between group A,group B and group C in delayed recall of MoCA subitems and group D.There was significant difference between group A and group B in delayed recall of MoCA subitems and group C.The language difference between group C and group D in the MoCA subproject was statistically significant.2.Analysis of variance showed that the latent periods of ERP-P3a and P3b in group B and group C were statistically significant compared with those in group D.The latent periods of ERP-P3a and P3b in group A and B were significantly different from those in group C.The P3b incubation period of group A was significantly different from that of group B.The difference of N2 latency between group C and group D was statistically significant.The ERP-P3a and P3b amplitudes of group B were significantly different from those of group C.3.Delayed recall in MoCA subproject was negatively correlated with the latency of ERP-P3a and P3b(r=-0.340,-0.422,P<0.05);Language was negatively correlated with the latency of ERP-P3a,P3b and N2(r=-0.400,-0.241,-0.269,all P<0.05).Executive function was negatively correlated with the latency of P3a(r=-0.250,P<0.05).Attention was negatively correlated with P3a amplitude(r=-0.292,P<0.05).Abstract thinking was negatively correlated with the amplitude of N1 and N2(r=-0.392,-0.292,P<0.05).4.The severity of depression was negatively correlated with the total score of MoCA,delayed recall and orientation(r=-0.349,-0.277,-0.323,P<0.05).The severity of depression was positively correlated with the latency and amplitude of P3b(r=0.578,P<0.001;r=0.283,P<0.05).Conclusion:1.Patients with different degrees of depression have different degrees of cognitive impairment,and the most common areas of cognitive impairment may be memory and language impairment.2.In mild and moderate depression patients,the latency period of ERP-P3a and P3b was prolonged and the amplitude was decreased;The incubation period of ERP-P3a,P3b and N2 was prolonged and the amplitude was increased in patients with major depression.3.The incubation periods of P3b in mild,moderate and severe depression groups were(359.43±20.25)ms,(378.47±21.27)ms and(401.36 ± 29.50)ms,respectively,showing significant statistical differences.ERP-P3b incubation periods can be considered as biological indicators to identify different degrees of depression.4.Relevant components of ERP-P300(N1,N2,P3a,P3b)have a good correlation with cognitive function of depression,so it can be considered to use ERP-P300 as an objective indicator to evaluate cognitive function of patients with depression.5.The severity of depression was negatively correlated with the total score of MoCA,delayed recall and orientation in MoCA subitems,and positively correlated with P3b latency and amplitude.