| BackgroundAt the beginning of 2020,a sudden outbreak of Newcastle pneumonia brought a great impact on the production and life of the whole society,as well as on the mental health of the people.The uncertainty of the development of the epidemic and the restriction of social distance aggravate the burden of students’ mental health,and the fear of the epidemic can cause negative emotions such as anxiety,depression and stress among college students,which affect their mental health.This study was conducted twice to track the depression,anxiety and stress status of college students in Shandong Province under the background of the epidemic entering normalized prevention and control,and to investigate and study the changes of the impact of the mental health status of college students under the new crown epidemic and its influencing factors by means of electronic questionnaires.ObjectiveTo analyze the depression,anxiety,and stress among college students during the Newcastle pneumonia epidemic based on the data from two follow-up surveys.To study the influence of the epidemic-protective behaviors and psychological resilience of college students on their depression,anxiety and stress in the context of the epidemic.To provide important data support and policy basis for improving the mental health of college students during the epidemic.MethodA multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select 5 colleges and universities in Shandong Province according to their geographical locations(east,middle and west)and college categories(key and general),with 30 majors,and 1 class of college students aged 16-28 years old in each year from freshman to senior/senior year of each major,respectively.According to the epidemic development situation,two surveys were conducted from October 20 to November 6,2020 and January 18 to January 25,2021),and 2948 people were finally tracked and included in the longitudinal analysis.An electronic questionnaire(Questionnaire Star)was administered for data collection.Data analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0.Descriptive analyses were conducted on general sociodemographic characteristics,epidemic protective behaviors,psychological resilience,depression,anxiety,and stress among college students,and generalized estimating equations were used to explore the factors affecting depression,anxiety,and stress among college students during the two follow-up periods.Results1.Basic information status of college studentsA total of 2948 college students were included in this analysis,of whom 1072(36.4%)were male and 1876(63.6%)were female,1203(40.8%)were 16-19 years old,1643(55.7%)were 20-22 years old,and 102(3.5%)were 23 years old or older;762(25.8%)were freshmen,and 66(22.4%)for sophomores,796(27.0%)and 729(24.7%)for juniors and seniors/juniors,respectively;502(17.0%)for science,830(28.2%)for engineering,145(4.9%)for agriculture,1041(35.3%)for arts,254(8.6%)for art,and 176(6.0&);2834(96.2%)Han Chinese,113(3.8%)ethnic minorities,and 798(27.1%)student leaders.In the baseline survey,the number of people who sometimes wore or always wore a mask in crowded situations in the past two weeks was 2671(90.6%),the number of people who followed or always followed the standard hand washing technique in the past two weeks was 2264(76.8%),and the number of people who always kept or almost always kept a one-meter interval in line in the past two weeks was 1787(60.6%).In the follow-up survey,2882(97.8%)people sometimes wore or always wore masks in crowded places in the past two weeks,2476(84.0%)people followed or always followed the standard washing technique when washing hands in the past two weeks,and 2302(78.1%)people always kept or almost always kept a meter interval in line in the past two weeks,indicating that the epidemic protection behavior of college students has become better.trend.The baseline psychological resilience score was 29.25±8.406,and the follow-up psychological resilience score was 29.22±8.532,which indicates that the psychological resilience of college students has a tendency to become better2.The detection and change of depression,anxiety and stress among college studentsIn the baseline survey,1039 college students(35.2%)had depression.In the follow-up survey,1087 college students(36.9%)had depression,and according to the results of the matched 2 test,there was a difference between the pre and post changes,and it was statistically significant(P<0.001).In addition,1320 college students(44.8%)had anxiety in the baseline survey and 1214(41.2%)had anxiety in the follow-up survey,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001);679(23.0%)had stress in the baseline survey and 578(19.6%)had stress in the follow-up survey.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.001).3.Factors influencing depression,anxiety,and stress among college studentsSociodemographic factors.For depression,the detection rate of depressive mood was lower among female students compared to male students(OR=0.688,P<0.001).and higher among junior(OR=1.332.P=0.012)and senior/junior(OR=1.665,P<0.001)students compared to freshman students.Compared with science students,the detection rate of depression was higher in arts(OR=1.237,P=0.012).arts(OR=1.279.P=0.036).and medical(OR=1.347,P=0.026)students;for anxiety,the detection rate of anxiety was lower in female students compared with male students(OR=0.776,P=0<0.001).and compared with freshman In terms of stress,the detection rate of depression was lower among female students compared to male students(OR=0.654.P<0.001),and higher among senior/junior students(OR=1.421,P=0.012)compared to freshmen students.Compared to science students,depressed mood detection was higher in arts(OR=1.361,P=0.002),art(OR=1.369,P=0.022),and medical student categories(OR=1.742,P=0<0.001).Behavioral factors of epidemic protection.In terms of depression,students who wore the mask sometimes or every time had a lower detection rate of depression compared to those who did not wear the mask at all or basically did not wear the mask(OR=0.750.p=0.01 9).The rate of depression detection was lower among students who followed the standard washing technique more or always compared to those who did not follow it at all or largely(OR=0.626,p<0.001).Students who always or almost always kept a one-meter interval in line had a lower rate of depression detection compared to students who did not keep a one-meter interval at all or basically did not keep a one-meter interval in line(OR=0.668,p<0.001);for anxiety,students who sometimes or always wore a mask had a lower rate of anxiety compared to students who did not wear a mask at all or basically did not wear a mask(OR=0.684,p=0.002).Students who followed the standard washing technique more or always were less likely to detect anxiety than those who did not follow it at all or did not follow it at all(OR=0.696,p<0.001).Students who always maintained or almost always maintained a one-meter interval in the queue had a lower detection rate of anxiety compared to students who did not maintain or basically did not maintain a one-meter interval in the queue(OR=0.644,p<0.001);in terms of stress,students who followed or always followed the standard washing technique had a lower detection rate of stress compared to students who did not follow it at all or basically did not follow it(OR=0.634,P<0.001).Students who always maintained or almost always maintained a one-meter interval in the queue had a lower rate of stress detection compared to students who did not maintain a one-meter interval at all or basically did not maintain a one-meter interval in the queue(OR=0.641,p<0.001).Psychological resilience.Students with better psychological resilience had lower detection rates of depression(OR=0.973,P<0.001),anxiety(OR=0.979,P<0.001),and stress(OR=0.974,P<0.001).Conclusions and suggestionsConclusionsThe detection rates of depression,anxiety,and stress among college students were high during both follow-up periods,and there was a trend of increasing depression and decreasing anxiety and stress among college students in the follow-up period compared with the baseline period.Socio-demographic factors,such as gender,grade,and major,were influential factors in the mental health status of college students;in terms of epidemic protection behaviors,whether to follow wearing masks,standard washing techniques,and keeping a one-meter interval in line were influential factors in the mental health status of college students;in terms of psychological resilience,the better the psychological resilience of students,the better the mental health status.Suggestions1.To pay attention to the mental health of college students during the epidemic2.To continue to strengthen the propaganda and guide the protective behavior of the new crown epidemic3.To focus on cultivating good psychological qualities such as psychological resilience among college students... |
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