Cross-sectional Investigation Offracture Risk And Analysis Of Their Influential Factors In Perimenopausal And Postmenopausal Women In A Rural Town Of Guangdong Province

Background and purposePerimenopausal and postmenopausal women are at high risk for fracture,and osteoporosis is an important factor in the fracture process.The current increased incidence of osteoporosis,especially in postmenopausal women,is associated with an increased risk of fracture.In addition to health promotion,fracture risk screening should be conducted to identify people at high risk of fracture in a timely manner.This study investigated the status of osteoporosis knowledge,health beliefs,self-efficacy and fracture risk among perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in a town of Guangdong Province,and analyzed the influencing factors of fracture risk,aiming to provide reference for the management and health promotion of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with high incidence of osteoporosis.MethodsThis was a crosss-sectional study in Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal women in a town community in Guangdong Province were surveyed using a convenience sampling method.Study subjects completed a series of questionnaires including Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool(OKAT),Osteoporosis Health Belief scale(Osteoporosis Health Belief scale,OHBS),osteoporosis self-efficacy Scale(Oseteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale,OSES),Osteoporosis risk assessment table and a self-constructed general information questionnaire.Statistical approaches applied included descriptive statistics,independent sample t test,one-way analysis of variance,multiple linear regression,Pearson correlation coefficient and so on to describe the status of postmenopausal women’s level of osteoporosis knowledge,health belief,self-efficacy and fracture risk and to analyze the influencing factors of fracture risk.ResultsA total of 570 respondents completed the questionnaire,with 536 valid questionnaires.The risk of fracture in the main site of the survey subjects ranged from 1.00 to 15.00%,and the average risk was 2.96±2.02%.Hip fracture risk ranged from 0 to 3.60%,with an average risk of 0.47±0.49%.There was a positive correlation between major site fracture risk and health belief score(r=0.092,P<0.05),but no correlation between major site fracture risk and osteoporosis knowledge and self-efficacy.There was no correlation between hip fracture risk and knowledge,health beliefs or self-efficacy.The average score of the osteoporosis knowledge questionnaire was 9.57±2.61,and the score rate was 47.9%,which was at the level of failing.The average score of the health belief scale was 99.22±11.10,the score range was 31 to 155,and the average score of each question was 3.20±0.36.The overall view was between neutral and agreement.The average score of the self-efficacy scale was 65.56±13.62,the score range was 19-95,and the average score of each question was 3.45±0.72,which was between 50%certainty and 70%certainty.Age and previous history of fractures were factors influencing the risk of primary site fractures and hip fractures.ConclusionThe overall predicted fracture risk was lower in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women,which was influenced by age and four previous fracture histories.Osteoporosis knowledge level was low,and health beliefs and self-efficacy scores were above average.The study shows that the perimenopausal and postmenopausal women should strengthen the health education of osteoporosis,change the health concept,improve self-efficacy,improve related health behaviors to prevent osteoporosis.