Analysis Of Knowledge,Attitude And Behavior Of Coal Mine Workers And Influence Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis

ObjectiveThis study examined the knowledge,attitude,and behavior(KAP)of coal miners about coalworkers’ pneumoconiosis in two coal mines in Taiyuan City,Shanxi Province,as well as the current state of enterprise management stringency.It also explored the regulatory effect of management stringency on coal miners’ knowledge,attitude,and practice related to pneumoconiosis in order to provide a theoretical foundation for effective health education.It is a useful resource for the creation of pertinent intervention methods for coal workers’pneumoconiosis.MethodsWe used a self-designed questionnaire on coal workers’ pneumoconiosis related knowledge,attitude and practice to investigate underground coal miners in two coal mines in Taiyuan City,Shanxi Province by convenient sampling from January to July 2021,and finally collected 924 samples.The research tools included:general demographic data questionnaire,coal workers’pneumoconiosis related knowledge,belief and practice questionnaire,and coal mine enterprise dust control management.Descriptive analysis was used to understand the status of knowledge,attitude and practice of coal workers’pneumoconiosis and the strictest degree of enterprise management.The main audiences for pneumoconiosis safety education for coal workers were identified using a four-quadrant analysis(Boston matrix graphic).Using t testing,ANOVA analysis for single factor analysis,use multiple linear regression analysis for multi-factor analysis,and dustproof attitude and management strictness in the intermediary and regulatory role between knowledge and behavior using the Bootstrap method to test.Results1.The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.864,suggesting good reliability of the questionnaire.The questionnaire’s KMO value was 0.903 and 0.905,respectively,for the results of the exploratory factor analysis,indicating strong questionnaire validity.2.A total of 924 underground coal mine workers were investigated,including 438 excavation workers(47.40%).The mean age was(40.60±7.29)years;average length of service(13.51±7.76)years.There were 489(52.952%)rural registered workers.There were 436 workers(47.19%)with a high school equivalent degree.3.The results of the survey showed that the scores of knowledge,attitude,practice and administration of CWP dust control were(9.51±3.27),(47.16±3.79),(56.01±9.08)and(58.24±9.55).The awareness rate of CWP related knowledge was 71.97%,and the good rates of CWP related attitude and behavior were 94.91%and 91.02%.4.The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation among dust control knowledge,attitude,practice and administration of CWP in coal miners5.The four-quadrant analysis found that 41.45%of the workers fell into quadrant Ⅰ,and 67.89%of the workers had a positive attitude towards dust prevention;8.66%of the population fell into quadrant Ⅱ,and 47.50%of the workers had a positive attitude;19.37%of the population fell into quadrant Ⅲ;30.52%of the population fell into quadrant Ⅳ,and 35.46%of the workers had a positive attitude.6.Multiple linear regression test results showed that knowledge related to coal workers’ pneumoconiosis was significantly positively correlated with dustproof behavior(β=0.835,P<0.001).And when we control the dustproof attitude,the correlation effect of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis knowledge on behavior decreased(β=0.749,P<0.001),and the correlation between dustproof attitude and dustproof behavior was positively correlated(β=0.735,P<0.001).The results of Bootstrap mediation effect test showed that the total effect of dustproof knowledge on dust-proof behavior(c=0.864,P<0.001),direct effect(c’=0.786,P<0.001)and mediating effect(ab=0.078,P<0.001).Sobel test value Z=2.763,P=0.006.Therefore,CWP attitude plays a part of mediating effect in dust prevention knowledge and behavior.The results were consistent with the theoretical framework requirements of the knowledge-attitude-practice model.7.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,working years and drinking alcohol had statistically significant effects on CWP dust prevention knowledge score(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in CWP dust prevention attitude scores among workers of different ages and education levels(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in CWP dustproof behavior scores among workers of different ages and household registration types(P<0.05).8.The degree of management is significantly positively correlated with CWP related knowledge,attitude and practice.And the results of Bootstrap test showed that enterprise management played a regulating role in the correlation between knowledge and behavior related to coal workers’ pneumoconiosis(knowledge*administration:β=0.085,P<0.01),and with the improvement of enterprise management rigor,the improvement of dust prevention knowledge is more likely to promote the occurrence of dust prevention attitude.Conclusions1.The surveyed Shanxi coal mine workers have a low awareness rate of CWP related knowledge,and there is a large difference in the good rate of CWP dustproof attitude and behavior.2.CWP dust-proof attitude played a partial mediating effect between CWP related knowledge and dust-proof behavior,which was the mediating variable between them.CWP related knowledge indirectly has a partial impact on CWP dust-proof behavior through CWP dust-proof attitude,and the results were consistent with the theoretical framework requirements of the knowledgeattitude-practice model.3.Age,household registration type and educational level are independent factors affecting coal workers’ pneumoconiosis knowledge,attitude and behavior of workers.4.The administration of coal mine enterprises plays a positive regulatory role between CWP dust control knowledge and CWP dust control attitude.And with the improvement of enterprise management rigor,the improvement of dust control knowledge is easier to promote the change of good dust control attitude.