ICU Nurses’ Work Engagement:Status And Action Path Of Influencing Factors

BackgroundThe Intensive Care Unit(ICU)is an unattended department that specializes in treating acute and critically ill patients.Compared with nurses in general clinical departments,ICU nurses often experience the pain and helplessness of patients and their families in the face of illness or death,so they are prone to have job burnout,which would result in decreased work enthusiasm and affect the quality of nursing services.Researching showed that stress perception,sleeping quality and empathy fatigue will have a negative impact on nursing work,and work engagement is a fulfilling and positive psychological state of the employees in the process of working,which helps to Improve nurses’ negative emotions,raise nurses’ satisfaction with their jobs,improve their work efficiency and nursing quality,and ensure the safety of wards and patients.The influence of stress perception,sleeping quality and empathy fatigue on ICU nurses’ work engagement and its action path are the problems that nursing managers need to pay attention to and solve at present.ObjectiveThe present study aims to investigate the status of ICU nurses’ work engagement,stress perception,sleep quality index and empathy fatigue;to explore the influencing factors of ICU nurses’ work engagement;to analyze the action path of influencing between empathy fatigue,stress perception,sleep quality and ICU nurses’ work engagement through the construction of path analysis model.It is expected that this study can provide some theoretical reference for nursing managers to take measures to improve the work input of ICU nurses.MethodThe present study random recruit 578 ICU nurses from eighteen class III A hospitals in China by convenience sampling method,and investigated the subjects with general information questionnaire,work engagement scale,stress perception scale,Pittsburgh sleep quality scale,and professional life quality scale.SPSS25.0 software was used for data analysis,including descriptive analysis,T-test,one-way variance of analyse,Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis,etc.The structural equation model was constructed using Amos24.0 software was used for path analysis.Results1.The total score of ICU nurses’ work engagement was(34.28±10.29),and the average score of each item was(3.81±1.14).The scores of the three dimensions are the vitality dimension(4.01±1.17),the focus dimension(3.79±1.25)and the dedication dimension(3.79±1.25)from high to low were.2.The total score of stress perception was(42.95±8.02),the average score of each item was(3.07±0.57).The total score of PSQI was(9.04±3.60).According to the the sleep quality classification standard,104 people had better sleep quality,which accounted for17.99%,271 people have good sleep quality,which accounted for 46.89%,and 186 people have average sleep quality,which accounted for 32.18%,and 17 people had poor sleep quality,which accounted for 2.94%.ICU nurses’ professional quality of life empathy satisfaction score was(30.92±7.02),the score of burnout was(30.48±5.71),and the score of secondary trauma was(28.09±6.17).Among the investigators,only 6 had no empathy fatigue,107 had moderate empathy fatigue,which accounted for 18.51%,and 371 had severe empathy fatigue,which accounted for 64.19%.3.The results of one-way analysis of variance showed that different health status,current department,administrative position position,working years in ICU,working hours(days),different physical exercises and participate recreational activities were all related to work engagement.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that burnout and secondary trauma in professional quality of life were negatively correlated with work engagement of ICU nurses,positively correlated with empathy satisfaction,and negatively correlated with pressure perception and PSQI total score(P<0.01).4.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that ICU nurses’ administrative position,pressure perception,PSQI total score and working department(specialized ICU with comprehensive ICU as reference)were the main factors effecting the ICU nurses’ work engagement,which could explain 41.7% of the variation in work engagement of ICU nurses.5.The results of analysis show that stress perception had a direct negative impact function on ICU nurses’ work engagement(β=-0.617,P<0.001),the PSQI total score had a direct negative impact function on the work engagement of ICU nurses(β=-0.207,P<0.001),empathy fatigue has a direct positive impact function on the work engagement of ICU nurses(β= 0.311,P<0.001).The total effects of stress perception,PSQI total score and empathy fatigue on the work engagement of ICU nurses were-0.622,-0.276 and 0.311 respectively.Conclusions1.The work engagement of ICU nurses is at a medium level,and there is room for improvement.2.ICU nurses’ stress perception and empathy fatigue level are relatively high,and had a poor sleep quality.3.Stress perception,sleep quality,working department and administrative position are important influencing factors of ICU nurses’ work engagement.Empathy fatigue has a positive impact function on work engagement of ICU nurses,and stress perception and sleep quality index have negative impact on work engagement of ICU nurses.