| Objective:To analyze the influence of parental feeding styles on the dietary behaviors of preschool children aged 3-6 years through a cross-sectional study.Methods:A total of 1000 children aged 3-6 years who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in kindergartens in Wenzhou City,Zhejiang Province,were selected by cluster random sampling from September 2021 to November 2021.The demographic data of children,dietary behavior problems and parents’ feeding styles were investigated by using the children’s personal and family general information questionnaire,preschool children’s dietary behavior questionnaire,and the caregiver feeding style questionnaire.The nutritional status of children was assessed by physical measurement.Results:1.846 valid questionnaires were collected,with a 84.6%response rate.The average height(109.10±8.23)cm,the average weight was(18.24±3.24)kg,the average BMI was(15.28±1.83)kg/m2,and the children’s wasting rate was 4.49%,the overweight rate was 9.93%,and the obesity rate was 5.08%among the 3～6 years old preschool children in Wenzhou City.2.The feeding style adopted by the main caregivers of children aged 3～6 years in Wenzhou city was permissive(42.43%),authoritative(25.53%),authoritarian(21.75%),neglective(10.28%).The age and gender of children,monthly family income and family size had significant effects on the feeding style of parents(P<0.05).3.The detection rate of eating behavior problems among children aged 3-6 years in Wenzhou was 78.61%.According to the detection rate of different eating behavior problems from high to low,they were picky eating(37.23%),exogenous eating(35.46%),oversatiety response(31.68%),food response(29.20%),bad eating habits(25.06%),no active eating ability(16.19%),emotional eating(4.73%).Dietary behavior problems are affected by many factors:age,gender,gestational age,birth weight,average daily sleep time,average daily exercise time,primary caregiver,family type,family monthly income,and parental feeding styles can affect all aspects of dietary behavior problems.4.Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that different feeding styles had different effects on eating behavior problems.Compared with authoritative feeding style,authoritarian feeding style was associated with poor eating habits(OR=2.147,95%CI:1.393,3.309;P=0.001),satiety response(OR=1.954,95%CI:1.271,3.003;P=0.002),emotional eating(OR=4.383,95%CI:1.844,10.415;P=0.001);The indulgent feeding style was picky eating(OR=0.447,95%CI:0.307,0.651;P<0.001),poor dietary habits(OR=0.152,95%CI:0.092,0.251;P<0.001),satiety response(OR=0.297,95%CI:0.197,0.448;P<0.001),exogenous eating(OR=0.379,95%CI:0.259,0.553;P<0.001),emotional eating(OR=0.104,95%CI:0.021,0.521;P=0.006),no active eating ability(OR=0.449,95%CI:0.270,0.747;P=0.002);The neglectful feeding style was a poor dietary habit(OR=0.342,95%CI:0.173,0.676;P=0.002),exogenous eating(OR=0.311,95%CI:0.170,0570;P<0.001).Conclusions:1.The detection rate of eating behavior problems among preschool children in Wenzhou was as high as 78.61%.The detection rates of different eating behavior problems were ranked from high to low,which were picky eating,exogenous eating,oversatiety response,food response,bad eating habits,no active eating ability and emotional eating.2.The feeding style of parents of preschool children aged 3～6 years in Wenzhou was mainly permissive feeding,followed by authoritative,authoritarian and neglect.3.Parental feeding style is an important influencing factor of preschool children’s eating behavior.Compared with authoritative feeding style,authoritarian feeding style was a risk factor for children’s eating behavior problems,such as poor eating habits,oversatiety response,emotional eating,and so on,which would increase the risk of eating behavior problems.Conniving feeding style is a protective factor for children’s eating behavior problems such as picky eating,poor eating habits,oversatiety response,exogenous eating,emotional eating and no active eating ability,while neglect feeding style is a protective factor for children’s eating behavior problems such as poor eating habits and exogenous eating.Permissive and neglect feeding may reduce the risk of dietary behavior problems compared with authoritative feeding,but further verification and analysis are needed. |
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