| Background:The disability and death caused by road traffic crashes are increasing day by day,and Road Traffic Injuries(RTIs)have become an important public health Problem.According to the "Global Status Report on Road Safety" released by the World Health Organization(WHO)in 2018,RTIs have become the eighth leading cause of death in the world,causing an average of 1.3 million deaths each year,90% of which occur in low-and middle-income countries.As the largest developing country in the world,China has a huge population base and an ever-increasing number of motor vehicles.20%of the world’s road traffic deaths come from China.In order to prevent road traffic crashes and reduce the burden of traffic fatalities,China promulgated the “Road Traffic Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China”(hereinafter referred to as the "Road Traffic Safety Law")in 2004 and revised it in 2007 and 2011 respectively.The "Road Traffic Safety Law",which has been revised twice,is still in use today and is considered to be a relatively complete traffic law.Understanding the current status of RTIs in China and evaluating the effectiveness of the latest traffic laws on RTIs can Provide a scientific basis for formulating and revising road traffic laws and regulations and taking other intervention measures,thereby reducing the burden of RTIs.Objectives:1.To estimate the current status of RTIs in China;2.To evaluate the effectiveness of the second revision of the Road Traffic Safety Law on RTIs caused by the main causes of motor vehicle crashes in China;3.To evaluate the effectiveness of the second revision of the Road Traffic Safety Law on Years of life lost from road traffic deaths in China.Methods:1.According to the data of the Traffic Administration of the Ministry of Public Security,from the aspects of victims,time,region,type of road and crash causes,describe the current situation of RTIs in China,and analyze its epidemic characteristics and changing trends.2.Based on the data of the Ministry of Public Security from 2001 to 2020,using the interrupted time series as the analysis method,and taking the crashes,injuries and fatalities caused by motor vehicles failing to give way,speeding and drunk driving as the evaluation indicators,the analysis is carried out to evaluate the impact of the revised Road Traffic Safety Law on RTIs in China.3.Based on the data of the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)and the Ministry of Public Security from 2002 to 2019,using the interrupted time series as the analysis method,and using the years of life lost due to road traffic deaths in China as the evaluation index,the analysis is carried out to evaluate the impact of the revised Road Traffic Safety Law on road traffic deaths in China.Results:1.The Prevalence of RTIs in 2020 is as follows: In terms of casualties,people over 65 years old account for a higher proportion of deaths(28.62%),followed by those aged51-55(11.29%).The fatalities of crashes were mainly male,accounting for 69.08%,which was 1.67 times more than women.In terms of time distribution,more RTIs occurred in the daytime,with the highest number of deaths on Thursday and the fewest on Saturdays in a week,and the least RTIs in February within a year.In terms of regional distribution,the most road traffic crashes occurred in the central and southern regions,the least in the northwest region.The province with the highest number of crashes and deaths was Guangdong,followed by Hubei and Guangxi.The province with the highest number of injuries was Hubei,followed by Guangdong and Guangxi.And the province with the highest crash-fatality ratio is Shanghai(0.94).In terms of road distribution,secondary roads have the highest number of RTIs,but highways have the highest crash-fatality ratio(0.55).Straight roads have the highest number of RTIs,and ramps have higher crash-fatality ratios.Horizontally,motor vehicle lanes and mixed lanes for motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles are cross-sectional locations with high traffic crashes.In terms of the causes of crashes,motor vehicle violations are the main reason,accounting for 82.75%,of which 13.96% are road traffic crashes caused by failing to give way according to regulations.2.According to data from the Ministry of Public Security,after the amendment of the Road Traffic Safety Law,the average levels of total road traffic crashes,injuries and fatalities in China dropped by 33.70/10,000,22.79/10,000 and 5.45/10,000 respectively,and their slopes increased by 9.20(95% CI: 6.92,11.49),5.89(95% CI:5.02,6.74),and 1.04(95% CI: 0.90,1.18);the average levels of crashes,injuries,and fatalities caused by failing to give way decreased by 4.41/10,000,3.65/10,000 and0.37/10,000,and their slopes increased by 0.91(95% CI: 0.76,1.06),0.46(95% CI:0.32,0.59)and 0.02(95% CI:-0.01,0.04)respectively;the average levels of crashes,injuries and fatalities caused by speeding decreased by 3.04/10,000,2.83/10,000,and0.76/10,000,and their slopes were increased by 0.53(95% CI: 0.37,0.69),0.39(95%CI: 0.23,0.55)and 0.08(95% CI: 0.02,0.13)respectively;the average levels of crashes,injuries and fatalities caused by drunk driving decreased by 0.48/10,000,0.56/10,000 and 0.20/10,000,and their slopes increased by 0.16(95% CI: 0.13,0.18),0.14(95%CI: 0.12,0.16),and 0.04(95% CI: 0.03,0.05),respectively.3.According to GBD data,after the amendment of the Road Traffic Safety Law,the average level of total YLLs caused by road traffic deaths in China decreased by3,365,300 years,and the slope changed by-43.31(95% CI:-53.62,-32.99);male and female YLLs decreased by 2,507,500 years and 857,800 years,and their slopes changed by-34.99(95% CI:-43.91,-26.06)and-8.32(95% CI:-11.05,-5.60),respectively;the average level of YLLs under the age of 20 and 20-64 years decreased by 1,294,700 years and 2,207,500 years respectively,and the average level of YLLs aged 65 and over increased by 136,900 years.The slopes of YLLs under the age of 20,20-64 years and aged 65 and over changed by 4.49(95% CI: 2.51,6.48),-47.52(95% CI:-55.35,-39.69),and-0.28(95% CI:-1.20,0.65)respectively;pedestrians,cyclists,motorcyclists,motor vehicle users and other road users YLLs decreased by 1,512,400 years,230,700 years,1,091,000 years,513,700 years,and 17,600 years,respectively,and their slopes changed by-32.79(95% CI:-37.16,-28.42),-0.50(95% CI:-1.63,0.62),-3.62(95%CI:-7.54,0.30),-5.86(95% CI:-8.03,-3.69)and-0.53(95% CI:-0.63,-0.44);the average levels of YLLs caused by environmental factors and drunk driving decreased by 737,600 years and 73,100 years,respectively,and the slopes of YLLs due to smoking and drunk driving changed by 8.07(95% CI: 7.01,9.12),-0.60(95% CI:-0.68,-0.51),and-3.55(95% CI:-4.43,-2.67)respectively.According to the data of the Ministry of Public Security,after the amendment of the Road Traffic Safety Law,the average level of total YLLs caused by road traffic deaths in China decreased by1,703,900 years,and the slope increased by 29.73(95% CI: 23.92,35.54);the average level of YLLs at the age of 1～20 years and 21-65 years decreased by 436,400 years and1,323,400 years,and the slopes of YLLs at the age of 1-20 years,21-65 years,and 66 years and over increased by 5.47(95% CI: 4.39,6.55),20.55(95% CI: 15.93,25.17)and 3.71(95% CI: 3.20,4.23)respectively.Conclusions:1.In 2020,the burden of RTIs in China is still severe.2.After the second revision of the Road Traffic Safety Law,the declining trend in road traffic accidents,injuries and deaths due to motor vehicle violations has slowed down.3.After the second revision of the Road Traffic Safety Law,the slope of decline of the total YLLs due to road traffic deaths and the YLLs due to road traffic deaths for most demographic characteristics in China has decreased significantly. |
PDF Full Text Request