The Application Research Of Go/NoGo Task Assessing Response Inhibition And Executive Function In Migraine Without Aura Patients

Objective:Migraine is a kind of common primary neurological disorder and MwoA is the most common sub-type of migraine.In clinic,MwoA patients suffered from not only headache but also cognitive-related symptoms such as reduced attention and delayed response.Combined with researches,abnormal cortical inhibition has been found in MwoA patients.Event-related potential(ERP)is an important electrophysiological technique for studying advanced cognitive functions,in which Go/No Go task can objectively assess cognitive functions,such as response inhibition,sustained attention and executive function.Therefore,in this study,Go/No Go task was applied to explore the cognitive function of response inhibition,executive function and sustained attention ability in MwoA patients who were without anxiety and depression during interattack,and further explore the neuroelectrophysiological mechanism of cognitive dysfunction caused by MwoA.Methods:A total of 30 MwoA patients and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in this study from the headache Clinic,Department of Neurology,The First hospital of Ji Lin University.The basic information and clinical characteristics related to migraine were collected,and the cognitive related scale and anxiety and depression related scale were accomplished for facilitating screening or statistical analysis.The researchers determined the position of the electrodes according to the international 10-20 system.The Go/No Go task was carried out,the data were saved simultaneously and analyzed by curry7 software.The early component N2 and late component P3 component(peak latency and amplitude peaks)were analyzed which were located in the pre-frontal,frontal,frontal-central,central,parietal,temporal and occipital region under Go condition or No Go condition.Thus,SPSS 26 software was used to analyze the differences of the general clinical data,behavioral data or ERP data between the migraine group and the control group under Go condition and No Go condition,and also analyze gender differences in the migraine group.Independent sample t test was performed and the statistically significant level was set at P < 0.05.Two-tailed Pearson correlation analysis was performed for the characteristics of migraine(clinical course,duration,headache frequency,pain intensity),education level and ERP data.If multiple factors were correlated to N2/P3 component in the same brain region,multiple regression analysis is performed to analyze the independent influence of multiple factors on ERP data in different area.Results:On behavioral performances,both groups had a high rate of correct keystrokes and there was no significant difference in response times between both groups.On electrophysiological level,MwoA participants have longer latency and larger amplitude of N2 or P3 than control group under Go or No Go condition.Moreover,there were significant gender differences in MwoA group.The male had longer latency and lower amplitude of N2 or P3 than female MwoA group.In addition,significant Two-tailed Pearson’s R correlations have been found between education,clinical course,duration,frequency,pain intensity and ERP data in different area.Lastly,linear regression analysis has shown that education,clinical course,duration,frequency,pain intensity was an independent factor affected the N2 or P3 components.Conclusion:1.On behavioral level,MwoA patients and healthy controls had a highly correct rates,but we found a little poor reaction time in MwoA participants.2.On electrophysiological level,MwoA patients had cognitive dysfunctions such as the poor sustained attention,delayed response,poor execution,impaired inhibition and overinhibited response.3.In MwoA patients,the male mainly reflected cortical slowing processing speed,while the female migraine patients need more cognitive resources to complete executive or inhibitory tasks.4.The MwoA patients who were at a low education level had severe executive ability or inhibition ability,suggesting that higher education contributes to the cortical function and compensated cognitive dysfunction caused by migraine to some extent.5.Clinical course,duration,headache frequency,pain intensity of migraine affected sustained attention,execution and inhibition function,which suggested minimizing the times of migraine attacks or alleviating the severity of each migraine attack to ensure a better life for the patient in clinic.