Clinical Observation Of The Efficacy Of Orthokeratology Lenses And Spectacles In Adolescents With Low And Moderate Myopia

Objective:To compare the clinical effects of adolescents aged 8-18 with low and moderate myopia from different degrees of myopia wearing orthokeratology lenses and spectacles to control myopia.Methods:Retrospective clinical analysis studies were used.From January 2020 to October2022,the study subjects of the ophthalmology clinic of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were moderately and mildly myopic patients who underwent orthokeratology and spectacles to correct their vision.According to the patient’s correction of refractive error and the degree of myopia,it was divided into low-grade myopia orthokeratology group(-0.75DS-2.75DS),low-grade myopia spectacle group(-0.75DS-2.75DS),moderate-grade myopia orthokeratology group(-3.00DS-6.00DS)and moderate-grade myopia spectacle group(-3.00DS-6.00DS),Observe changes in uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),spherical equivalent refraction(SE),anterior corneal curvature(ACC),and axial length(AL)before and after orthokeratology or glasses.On the first month,third month,sixth month,and one year after wearing the orthokeratology or spectacle glasses,the UCVA,SE,ACC were respectively collect and observe.The AL and ocular axis change value before and after one year of glasses or orthokeratology were collected for observation.Comparisons were made according to the classification of myopia.Results :(1)The UCVA was obviously improved in the low-grade myopia orthokeratology group and the moderate-grade myopia orthokeratology group after wearing orthokeratology lenses(P<0.05),and there were obvious differences in UCVA in each time period after wearing orthokeratology lenses compared with before wearing orthokeratology lenses(P<0.05),the UCVA improvement in the low-grade myopia orthokeratology group was steadily improved after 1 month of wearing orthokeratology lenses,and reached the ideal state after 1 year,the UCVA in the moderate-grade myopia orthokeratology group when wearing orthokeratology lenses for 1 month,the UCVA was in a steady improvement state,and reached the ideal state after 1 year;The UCVA in the low-grade myopia spectacle group and the moderate-grade myopia spectacle group showed a decreasing trend after wearing glasses,and there were obvious differences(P<0.05).(2)The SE of the low-grade myopia orthokeratology group and the moderate-grade myopia orthokeratology group decreased obviously after wearing orthokeratology lenses,and there were obvious differences in the SE in each time period after wearing orthokeratology lenses compared with before wearing orthokeratology lenses(P<0.05),and the SE of the low-grade myopia spectacle group and the moderate-grade myopia spectacle group showed an upward trend,and there was an obvious difference(P<0.05).(3)The corneal K1 value after wearing the orthokeratology lenses in the low-grade myopia orthokeratology group and moderate-grade myopia orthokeratology group showed a decreasing trend(P<0.05),and there were obvious differences in the corneal K1 value in each time period after wearing the orthokeratology lenses(P<0.05).The K1 value of both low-grade myopia orthokeratology group and the moderate-grade myopia orthokeratology group decreased steadily when they were worn for 1 month.The corneal K1 value of the low-grade myopia spectacle group and the moderate myopia spectacle group showed an upward trend,and there was an obvious difference(P<0.05).(4)Comparison of eye axis and difference: compared with before wearing Orthokeratology lenses,there was no significant difference in AL change after 1 year of wearing Orthokeratology lenses in the group of low-grade myopia or moderate-angle myopia orthokeratology group(P>0.05).Compared with before wearing glasses,there was a significant difference in AL change in the group of low-grade myopia spectacle group or moderate myopia spectacle group after 1 year(P<0.05).After wearing glasses for 1 year,After 1 year of wearing glasses,the low-grade myopia group or the moderate myopia group,There was a significant difference in AL between the orthokeratology lens group and the myopia spectacle group(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the axial differences between the groups(P<0.05).The difference in the eye axis in the orthokeratology group was significantly lower than in the myopia spectacle group.Conclusions:1.Orthokeratology lenses can temporarily improve the naked eye vision of patients with low and moderate myopia.2.Orthokeratology lenses can temporarily reduce the spherical equivalent refraction and corneal curvature of patients with low and moderate myopia.3.Orthokeratology lenses can control the progression of myopia by delaying the axial growth rate of low and moderate myopia patients aged 8 to 18 years old.