| Objective:To analyze the influence of hospital ethical climate on nurses’ caring behavior,and to explore the mediating role of nurses’ ethical sensitivity between hospital ethical climate and caring behavior,as well as the moderating role of empathic ability in the mediating path.This paper provides a reference for improving nurses’ caring behavior,improving the nurse-patient relationship,and improving nursing quality.Methods:In this study,random sampling was used to select clinical nurses from two tertiary first-class hospitals in Hebei Province from January 2022 to May 2022 according to the inclusion and exclusion standards.The survey tools used included: the general data questionnaire,Hospital Ethical Climate Scale,Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire-Revised Chinese Version Scale,Jefferson Empathy Health Professional Scale,and Caring Behaviors Inventory.The count data were described by frequency and percentage,and the measurement data following normal distribution were described by mean ± standard deviation.The T-test and ANOVA were used to conduct a univariate analysis of hospital ethical climate,ethical sensitivity,empathic ability,and caring behavior,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between variables.Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the mediating effect of ethical sensitivity and the moderating effect of empathic ability.Process plug-in Bootstrap test was applied to further verify the mediating effect of ethical sensitivity.Model 14 was used to test the moderating effect.Plot the moderating effects of different levels of empathic competence using the simple slope method.Results:1 The results of this study showed that the score of hospital ethical climate of nurses was(106.00±9.23),which was above the medium level.From the dimension of scale scores,the average score of the dimension items of the relationship with managers and nurses were high,and the average score of the dimension items of the relationship with doctors was the lowest.The score of ethical sensitivity of nurses was(41.15±4.27),which was above the average level,and the score of items of moral responsibility and strength was higher than that of moral burden.The score of nurses’ empathic ability was(125.21±5.95),which was above the average level compared with the median score of 80 points.Among the three dimensions,the items with the highest average score were perspective-taking thinking,followed by emotional nursing and opinion selection.The score of nurses’ caring behavior was(119.92±9.75),which was above the medium level.The score of knowledge and skill dimension was higher,followed by the score of support and guarantee dimension,and the score of respect and connection dimension was the lowest.2 The results of single factor analysis showed that there were significant differences in hospital ethical climate in nurses’ age,educational background,professional title and working time(P < 0.001).There were significant differences in ethical sensitivity in nurses’ gender,age,educational background,professional title and working time(P < 0.001).There were significant differences in empathic ability in nurses’ gender,age,professional title and working time(P < 0.05).There were significant differences in caring behavior in nurses’ gender,age,educational background,professional title and working time(P < 0.05).3 Pearson correlation analysis showed that hospital ethical climate,ethical sensitivity,empathic ability were significantly positively correlated with nurses’ caring behavior(P < 0.01).Hospital ethical climate was positively correlated with nurses’ ethical sensitivity and empathic ability(P < 0.01).The ethical sensitivity of nurses was positively correlated with their empathic ability(P <0.01).The correlation coefficients ranging from 0.322 to 0.747.4 Hospital ethical climate can positively predict nurses’ caring behavior;Ethical sensitivity played a partial mediating role between hospital ethical climate and caring behavior.Empathic ability moderated the second half of the mediation pathway.Conclusions:Hospital ethical climate can directly predict nurses’ caring behavior and indirectly influence nurses’ caring behavior through ethical sensitivity.Empathic ability moderated the second half of the mediating pathway.The higher the empathic ability of nurses,the stronger the positive prediction effect of their ethical sensitivity on caring behavior.The higher the level of empathic ability,the more significant the mediating effect of their ethical sensitivity on the relationship between hospital ethical climate and caring behavior. |
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