CT Imaging Analysis Of Maxillary Sinus Anatomy In Patients With Unilateral Maxillary Sinus Fungus Ball

Objective: To explore the relationship between unilateral maxillary sinus fungus ball and anatomical parameters and gasification coefficient of the maxillary sinus in order to provide guidance for the clinical treatment and diagnosis of unilateral maxillary sinus fungus ball.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of CT data from 55 patients with unilateral maxillary sinus fungus ball.We used Mimics21.0 software to perform 3D reconstruction of the bilateral maxillary sinus.The severity of the disease was assessed using the sinus CT Lund-Mackay scoring system,and the affected maxillary sinus was divided into four groups.We measured the volume,internal surface area,and left and right diameters of affected and healthy maxillary sinuses on CT images and 3D threedimensional models.Additionally,we calculated the upper and lower diameters,anteroposterior diameters,depth of the maxillary sinus,thickness and density of the maxillary sinus bone wall,and gasification coefficient of the bilateral maxillary sinus.We analyzed the data using SPSS27 software,using paired sample t-tests or Wilcoxon sign rank tests of paired samples to compare related anatomical parameters and gasification coefficient of affected and healthy maxillary sinuses,while the Chi-square test was used to examine the differences between the developmental morphology and the depth classification of maxillary sinuses on the affected and healthy sides.The Spearman rank correlation test was used to evaluate the correlation between the anatomical parameters of the affected maxillary sinus,the gasification coefficient,and the severity of the fungal ball disease.Results:(1)Among the patients with unilateral maxillary sinus fungus ball,the volume,internal surface area,and upper and lower diameters of the affected maxillary sinus were significantly smaller than those of the healthy side(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference between the left and right diameters and the anteroposterior diameters of the affected side and the healthy side(P>0.05);The depth of the maxillary sinus in the affected side was smaller than that in the healthy side,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);The thickness and density of the maxillary sinus bone wall in the affected side were more significant than those in the healthy side,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)In the bilateral maxillary sinuses of patients with unilateral maxillary sinus fungus ball,the gasification coefficient of the affected maxillary sinuses was smaller than that of the healthy side,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(3)Chi-square test results showed that the difference in the development of maxillary sinus between the affected side and the healthy side was statistically significant(P<0.05),while the difference in the depth classification of maxillary sinus between the affected side and the healthy side was not statistically significant(P>0.05).(4)The results of the Spearman rank correlation test showed no correlation between the relevant anatomical parameters and gasification coefficient of the affected maxillary sinus of the patients with unilateral maxillary sinus fungus ball and Lund-Mackay score(P>0.05).Conclusion: In the patients with unilateral maxillary sinus fungus ball,the lesions were primarily seen in the maxillary sinus with small volume,internal surface area,upper and lower diameter,depth,gasification coefficient and poor development,and the affected maxillary sinus often had an increase in bone wall thickness and density.However,the related anatomical parameters and gasification coefficient of the affected maxillary sinus did not affect the severity of the disease of unilateral maxillary sinus fungus ball.