Study On The Intervention Effect Of Health Education Based On Health Belief Model On Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment And Mild Behavioral Impairment

Objectives:This study will use health education guided by the Health Belief Model（HBM）as the intervention content to clarify the intervention effect of health education guided by HBM on cognitive function,MBI symptoms,and daily living ability of patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment（MCI）and Mild Behavioral Impairment（MBI）.Methods:From June 2022 to December 2022,74 patients with MCI combined with MBI who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were screened and diagnosed in Lanzhou City An Ning District Wonderful Home Xiao Ci Yuan Elderly Service Center,and 34patients were included in each group under the principle of informed consent.Among them,HBM-guided health education was implemented for the intervention group patients,with group intervention once a week,30-45 minutes each time,lasting for 2months,supplemented by individual guidance once a week,20 minutes each time;the control group received routine health education once a week for 30 to 45 minutes each time for 2 months.Before intervention（S1）,after 2 months of intervention（S2）and after 3 months of follow-up（S3）,The patients’cognitive function,MBI symptoms,and ability of daily living were assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale（Mo CA）,the Mini-mental State Examination（MMSE）,the MBI-Checklist,and the Ability of Daily Living Scale（ADL）.Results:In this study,the final data on outcome indicators were collected from 63 study subjects,32 in the intervention group and 31 in the control group.The results of the study showed that（1）after 2 months of HBM-based health education intervention,patients in the intervention group had a Mo CA score of 22.84（1.00）,an MBI-C score of 16.41（3.00）,and an ADL score of 19.94（2.00）,while patients in the control group had a Mo CA score of 20.42（1.00）,MBI-C score of 19.87（2.00）,and ADL score of22.81（1.00）,with statistically significant differences in scores(Z_{Mo CA}=-4.907,Z_MBI-C=-4.702,Z_ADL=-4.740,P<0.001);after 3 months of follow-up,patients in the intervention group had a Mo CA score of 23.81（1.00）,MBI-C score of 15.03（2.00）and ADL score of 18.03（2.00）in the intervention group and 20.58（1.00）,19.97（2.00）and 22.94（2.00）in the control group,with statistically significant differences in scores(Z_{Mo CA}=-4.901,Z_MBI-C=-4.866,Z_ADL=-4.872,P<0.001).（2）After 2 months of the HBM-based health education intervention,patients in the intervention group had a Mo CA score of 22.84（1.00）,MBI-C score of 16.41（3.00）,and ADL score of 19.94（2.00）,compared with the pre-intervention Mo CA score of 20.19（2.00）,MBI-C score of 19.00（4.00）,and The difference in scores was statistically significant(Z_{Mo CA}=-4.660,Z_MBI-C=-4.036,Z_ADL=-4.812,P<0.001)compared to the pre-intervention Mo CA score of20.19（2.00）,MBI-C score of 19.00（4.00）,and ADL score of 22.41（1.00）;After 3months of follow-up,the Mo CA score,MBI-C score,and ADL score of the intervention group patients were 23.81（1.00）,15.03（2.00）,and 18.03（2.00）,respectively.Compared with before the intervention,the differences in Mo CA,MBI-C,and ADL scores were statistically significant(Z_{Mo CA}=-4.976,Z_MBI-C=-4.722,Z_ADL=-4.877,P<0.001).Compared with after 2 months of intervention,Mo CA The difference in MBI-C and ADL scores was statistically significant(Z_{Mo CA}=-3.880,Z_MBI-C=-3.370,Z_ADL=-3.676,P<0.017).The differences were statistically significant(Z_{Mo CA}=-3.880,Z_MBI-C=-3.370,Z_ADL=-3.676,P<0.017).（3）The trends in cognitive function,MBI symptoms,and activities of daily living differed between the two groups at different time points,with patients in the intervention group having progressively higher Mo CA scores over time(F_group=4.304,F_time=72.984,F_interaction=53.696,P<0.05)and progressively lower MBI-C scores over time(F_group=3.123,F_time=4.144,F_interaction=37.227,P<0.05),and ADL scores progressively decreased with time(F_group=4.097,F_time=36.505,F_interaction=64.040,P<0.05).Conclusion:This study shows that HBM-based health education can improve cognitive function,MBI symptoms,and activities of daily living in elderly patients with MCI combined with MBI.In addition,the HBM-based health education program was both non-invasive and easy to implement,and was practical in the nursing home context,making it a worthwhile intervention for large-scale replication in the elderly population with MCI combined with MBI in nursing homes in China.