Research On Health Inequality Of Elderly People In China Based On Inequality Of Opportunity

With the rapid take-off of China’s economy,the people’s demand for health is also increasing,in order to meet citizens’ satisfaction and sense of health gain,we must pay attention to the issue of health equity.In 2019,the State Council also clearly proposed to basically achieve health equity by 2030.At the same time,China’s aging is also becoming more and more serious.In this context,how to promote the health equity of the elderly and achieve healthy aging is a major goal for China to achieve "Healthy China".Despite our continuous efforts in this regard,there is indeed a certain health gap among our older persons.In order to achieve health equity for the elderly,we must first understand the current health inequality of the elderly in China,and find out which factors are the main factors affecting the health inequality of the elderly,so as to put forward targeted suggestions that can reduce the health inequality of the elderly and promote health equity.The framework of inequality of opportunity was used to analyze the health inequality of the elderly in China,and the inequality of health opportunities in three aspects:mental cognition,mental health degree and physical activity flexibility was studied.The main work is:(1)to study the degree of inequality of health opportunities for the elderly in China: to measure the unequal health opportunity index of the elderly in China by parametric method,and to obtain an intuitive tree structure of unequal health opportunities for the elderly by using the tree model;(2)to discuss which "environmental" factors are the main factors affecting the inequality of health opportunities for the elderly: use the shapley decomposition method to decompose the unequal health opportunity index of the elderly,and calculate the "environment" by using the feature analysis method that integrates Light GBM and SHAP models Contribution to health,using variance decomposition to calculate the degree to which "effort" resolves inequalities in health opportunities.The main studies found that(1)the relative indices of health opportunity inequality in mental cognition,mental health and physical flexibility of the elderly in China are 16.58%、16.81%、35.77%,respectively,and the health opportunity inequality in physical flexibility is the most serious;(2)gender factors are the most important factor affecting the inequality of health opportunities in mental cognition and mental health of the elderly,and age is the most important factor affecting the inequality of health opportunities in terms of physical flexibility of the elderly;3)The difference between personal economic level,urban and rural areas,and regions is an important cause of health inequality among the elderly;(4)Individual efforts to improve the inequality of health opportunities in the mental cognition and mental health of the elderly are greater,and the quality of environmental conditions will affect the degree of efforts of the elderly to healthy living habits,and urban elderly people are more likely to improve health opportunities inequality through efforts than rural elderly people.Based on the above conclusions,it is proposed that the government and all parties in society should assume more responsibility for caring for the disabled elderly,pay attention to the health plight of low-income and elderly women in rural areas,central and western regions and urban areas,and escort the healthy living habits of the elderly.