Measurement And Influencing Factors Of Health Inequality Among The Elderly In Urban And Rural Areas

On February 8,2021,the Ministry of Public Security issued the national name report2020,which showed that the number of people born in 2020 was only 10.03 million,a decrease of 1.7 million compared with that in 2019.In 2019,China’s aging population is about 170 million,accounting for 12.6% of the total population.Between aging and fewer children,China’s population structure and aging accelerating trend is more and more serious.Novel coronavirus pneumonia is more prevalent in China than in developed countries such as Japan and Korea.With the new crown pneumonia raging and frequent,the health and life of the elderly population that has a rapid increase in population structure has become a major social problem.The health level and inequality of the elderly groups,especially the urban and rural elderly groups,are related to the stability of the poverty alleviation effect and the improvement of the social welfare system,and also related to the allocation and utilization efficiency of social medical resources.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the health inequality and its influencing factors of the urban and rural elderly groups fundamentally,so as to reduce the inequality and make targeted improvement It is a key subject in the field of surgery.Based on the data of China family tracking survey(CFPS)database from 2010 to 2018,this paper studies the health inequality of urban and rural elderly groups over 55 years old,and focuses on the data of 2010 and 2018,with the concentration index and generalized entropy index as the main body,the decomposition results of concentration index decomposition method as the contrast,and the Sharpley value decomposition method as the key Method to analyze the contribution of the influencing factors of urban and rural health inequality.The results show that: in terms of health level,the influence of urban-rural and regional factors is weakening year by year,and the health level of Eastern,central and western regions is decreasing gradiently,and the health level of urban areas is higher than that of rural areas.From the perspective of health inequality,the degree of health inequality between urban and rural areas is rising,but the gap between urban and rural areas is gradually narrowing,and the degree of health inequality of rural elderly group is higher than that of urban elderly group;from the decomposition results of health inequality,there are three factors The "soft health factors" of people’s habits and medical maintenance basically determine the degree of health inequality.Whether the elderly suffer from diseases and the level of expenditure on medical care make the greatest contribution to health inequality.The contribution of living habits to health inequality is nearly 20%.In addition,the health inequality caused by income of rural elderly group is higher than that of urban elderly group,and the level of education is lower The contribution of health inequality is lower than that of urban elderly.Disease and medical treatment are rigid constraints to health inequality,while the socio-economic level of the elderly is a flexible supplement to health inequality.The contribution of rural elderly group to unhealthy living habits such as smoking and drinking is increasing year by year,while the contribution of urban elderly group to health awareness and healthy living habits is higher.Finally,this paper summarizes the conclusions of the full text,and puts forward the policy suggestions from five aspects: health general knowledge and healthy life awareness,income redistribution mechanism,social security mechanism and pension security system,utilization rate of medical resources and medical conditions in backward areas,centralized procurement and generic drugs into the market to reduce medical costs.